This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This study proposes to use MRI, Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) to determine if there are significant differences in white matter characteristics between 25 clinically stabilized bipolar-manic or mixed phase adolescents and 25 age, gender and IQ-matched healthy volunteers. We hypothesize that, in comparison to healthy controls, bipolar adolescents (a) will be more likely to have confluent white matter hyperintensities; (b) will exhibit decreased integrity of white matter tracts as evidenced by significantly lower anisotropy on DTI scanning; and (c) will have lower N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) levels in white matter based on spectroscopy. We also hypothesize that, in comparison to healthy controls, our adolescent bipolar subjects will have poor global development of the brain as evidenced by: (a) widespread cortical gray matter deficits, most pronounced in the prefrontal area, and (b) enlarged lateral ventricles
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