Immune responses and pathologic events resulting from viral replication during acute HIV infection determine the later level of HIV in a patient, and the emergence of occasional individuals who are able to control HIV without drug therapy. Observations that the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute infection may permit patients to subsequently control HIV without ART also indicate that critical pathogenic events are operative during acute infection. Project 1. will evaluate the role of CD4 T cell responses to HIV antigens in the control of HIV replication in vivo, and provides an opportunity to assess what types of CD4 responses are associated with the control of HIV in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This project will Contribute to both the operational and the scientific goals of the overall program. The inclusion of a clinical protocol offering antiretroviral therapy to eligible infected individuals is essential for the recruitment of subjects with acute and early infection whose specimens will be studied in all projects of this proposal, and provides a way to follow these subjects. Our experience indicates that the availability of this protocol will serve as a major inducement for the enrollment of patients into these studies. This project will contribute to the major immunological question of the program by assessing the correlation of the development CD4 T cell responses to HIV antigens (as measured by assays examining several different components of the CD4 response) with the control of HIV replication in the absence of ART. We emphasize the identification of subjects during the earliest days of acute infection before they decide to start therapy. However because both acute and early HIV infections will be included, subjects will start therapy at different times after the onset of their infection. Sequential immunological measurements in these subjects before they start ART will provide cross sectional data on the evolution of HIV-specific immune responses in untreated infection.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01AI057127-03
Application #
7191702
Study Section
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Research Review Committee (AIDS)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
2006-03-01
Budget End
2007-02-28
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2006
Total Cost
$288,425
Indirect Cost
Name
New York University
Department
Type
DUNS #
121911077
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10016
Gornalusse, German G; Mummidi, Srinivas; Gaitan, Alvaro A et al. (2015) Epigenetic mechanisms, T-cell activation, and CCR5 genetics interact to regulate T-cell expression of CCR5, the major HIV-1 coreceptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:E4762-71
Miller, Elizabeth A; Spadaccia, Meredith R; Norton, Thomas et al. (2015) Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes vectors overcome suppressive plasma factors during HIV infection to stimulate myeloid dendritic cells to promote adaptive immunity and reactivation of latent virus. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 31:127-36
Miller, Elizabeth; Spadaccia, Meredith; Sabado, Rachel et al. (2015) Autologous aldrithiol-2-inactivated HIV-1 combined with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-poly-L-lysine carboxymethylcellulose as a vaccine platform for therapeutic dendritic cell immunotherapy. Vaccine 33:388-95
Miller, Elizabeth; Bhardwaj, Nina (2013) Dendritic cell dysregulation during HIV-1 infection. Immunol Rev 254:170-89
Koblin, Beryl A; Mayer, Kenneth H; Noonan, Elizabeth et al. (2012) Sexual risk behaviors, circumcision status, and preexisting immunity to adenovirus type 5 among men who have sex with men participating in a randomized HIV-1 vaccine efficacy trial: step study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 60:405-13
Miller, Elizabeth A; Spadaccia, Meredith R; O?Brien, Meagan P et al. (2012) Plasma factors during chronic HIV-1 infection impair IL-12 secretion by myeloid dendritic cells via a virus-independent pathway. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 61:535-44
Stein, Dylan; Silvera, Richard; Hagerty, Robert et al. (2012) Viewing pornography depicting unprotected anal intercourse: are there implications for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men? Arch Sex Behav 41:411-9
O'Brien, Meagan; Manches, Olivier; Sabado, Rachel Lubong et al. (2011) Spatiotemporal trafficking of HIV in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells defines a persistently IFN-?-producing and partially matured phenotype. J Clin Invest 121:1088-101
Sabado, Rachel Lubong; O'Brien, Meagan; Subedi, Abhignya et al. (2010) Evidence of dysregulation of dendritic cells in primary HIV infection. Blood 116:3839-52
El Hed, Aimee; Khaitan, Alka; Kozhaya, Lina et al. (2010) Susceptibility of human Th17 cells to human immunodeficiency virus and their perturbation during infection. J Infect Dis 201:843-54

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