The work of this Project is aimed at understanding and developing protein architectural design features that yield the specific dynamics and energy landscape within the Michaelis complex giving nse to enzymatic catalysis. The overall goal is to lay a foundation for the development and rational design of 'allosteric' effectors or active site inhibitors based on dynamics. This project will emphasize studies on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a hydride transfer enzyme essential in metabolism. It is used as a laboratory for our purposes, partly because the relevant dynamics can be studied quantitatively in unique detail, using our suite of very effective theoretical and experimental approaches, and associated with protein architecture. Other prototype enzymes, punne nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), will also be studied in collaboration with the other Projects. The goal of this research is to lay a foundation for the development and rational design of 'allosteric' effectors, that either up or down regulate enzymatic activity, or active site inhibitors based on dynamics. We have four specific aims: (1) examine the effects on the energy landscape of LDH's Michaelis complex in its relation to activity of specific mutant proteins, in response to osmolytes (for example TMAO and urea which are known to, respectively, increase and decrease the stability of folded proteins and hence, affect the energy landscape of an enzyme), and of so-called 'heavy and light' enzymes;'(2) probe how evolutionary pressure has affected the energy landscape of LDH to regulate activity by examining how adaptation to different thermal environments has occurred; (3) investigate the relationship of protein dynamics to allostery directly and work out how allosteric effectors affect the energy landscape of the protein system. All this provides a very robust set of experimental input into the theoretical studies of Project 4 (Schwartz). The small molecule allosteric effectors predicted by the Schwartz lab will be assessed; and (4) characterize functionally important enzyme motions within the Michaelis complex of PNP in direct collaboration with Projects 2 and 3.

Public Health Relevance

Our studies are aimed at determining the elements of protein structure that create specific dynamics important for catalytic mechanism. We will understand and develop design features that either up or down regulate enzymatic activity. The goal of this research is to lay a foundation for the development and rational design of 'allosteric' effectors or active site inhibitors based on dynamics.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01GM068036-16
Application #
9478222
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
2018-05-01
Budget End
2019-04-30
Support Year
16
Fiscal Year
2018
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Inc
Department
Type
DUNS #
079783367
City
Bronx
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10461
Harijan, Rajesh K; Zoi, Ioanna; Antoniou, Dimitri et al. (2018) Inverse enzyme isotope effects in human purine nucleoside phosphorylase with heavy asparagine labels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:E6209-E6216
Luft, Charles M; Munusamy, Elango; Pemberton, Jeanne E et al. (2018) Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Oil Sequestration Properties of a Nonionic Rhamnolipid. J Phys Chem B 122:3944-3952
Chen, Xi; Schwartz, Steven D (2018) Directed Evolution as a Probe of Rate Promoting Vibrations Introduced via Mutational Change. Biochemistry 57:3289-3298
Kozlowski, Rachel; Ragupathi, Ashwin; Dyer, R Brian (2018) Characterizing the Surface Coverage of Protein-Gold Nanoparticle Bioconjugates. Bioconjug Chem 29:2691-2700
Brás, Natércia F; Fernandes, Pedro A; Ramos, Maria J et al. (2018) Mechanistic Insights on Human Phosphoglucomutase Revealed by Transition Path Sampling and Molecular Dynamics Calculations. Chemistry 24:1978-1987
Andrews, Brooke A; Dyer, R Brian (2018) Small molecule cores demonstrate non-competitive inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase. Medchemcomm 9:1369-1376
Schramm, Vern L; Schwartz, Steven D (2018) Promoting Vibrations and the Function of Enzymes. Emerging Theoretical and Experimental Convergence. Biochemistry 57:3299-3308
Vaughn, Morgan B; Zhang, Jianyu; Spiro, Thomas G et al. (2018) Activity-Related Microsecond Dynamics Revealed by Temperature-Jump Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Measurements on Thermophilic Alcohol Dehydrogenase. J Am Chem Soc 140:900-903
Khrapunov, Sergei (2018) The Enthalpy-entropy Compensation Phenomenon. Limitations for the Use of Some Basic Thermodynamic Equations. Curr Protein Pept Sci 19:1088-1091
Peng, Huo-Lei; Callender, Robert (2018) Mechanism for Fluorescence Quenching of Tryptophan by Oxamate and Pyruvate: Conjugation and Solvation-Induced Photoinduced Electron Transfer. J Phys Chem B 122:6483-6490

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