A program has been established to study different aspects of cell motility and chemotaxis in a number of developmental systems. These systems include 1) myoblast migration in the developing chick limb, 2) growth cone migration in Drosophila, 3) micromere migration in the sea urchin embryo, 4) chemotaxis and chemokinesis of amebae in the cellular slime mold, and 5) embryonic chick fibroblasts. A core facility has been developed for the quantitative analysis of cellular behavior and includes the most advanced instrumentation for motion analysis, image processing and fluorescence microscopy. A motility seminar will continue to serve the group both for research reports as well as a vehicle for remaining current in areas related to cell motility by seminars presented by visitors. The individual projects will examine the following developmental questions: 1) how myoblasts condense around the vasculature of the developing limb and how micromeres interact with matrix material during migration in the sea urchin, 2) how mutant neurons with defective nerve-specific cAMP phosphodiesterase and adenylate cyclase activities behave in culture, and what molecular or cytoskeletal processes are defective in a mutation, shits, which disrupts adhesion and growth cone activity in Drosophila, 3) how antisera to the myosin light chain kinase or the tropomyosin isoforms affect cell behavior when microinjected into embryonic fibroblasts, and 4) finally, how slime mold amebae assess temporal and spatial gradients of chemoattractant. In addition, we will continue to develop software for the motion analysis machine which will allow us to monitor amebae in three dimensions and calculate both motion and morphometric parameters. This program project is developed around the central theme of the regulation of cell motility in development and obtains its vitality and focus from the scientific interactions of the participants and the synergism which results from the different expertise of the individual investigators.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01HD018577-05
Application #
3096846
Study Section
Maternal and Child Health Research Committee (HDMC)
Project Start
1984-04-01
Project End
1992-03-31
Budget Start
1988-04-01
Budget End
1989-03-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
1988
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Iowa
Department
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
041294109
City
Iowa City
State
IA
Country
United States
Zip Code
52242
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Lusche, Daniel F; Wessels, Deborah; Soll, David R (2009) The effects of extracellular calcium on motility, pseudopod and uropod formation, chemotaxis, and the cortical localization of myosin II in Dictyostelium discoideum. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 66:567-87
Wessels, Deborah; Kuhl, Spencer; Soll, David R (2009) 2D and 3D quantitative analysis of cell motility and cytoskeletal dynamics. Methods Mol Biol 586:315-35
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Wessels, Deborah J; Kuhl, Spencer; Soll, David R (2009) Light microscopy to image and quantify cell movement. Methods Mol Biol 571:455-71
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Ueda, Atsushi; Wu, Chun-Fang (2009) Role of rut adenylyl cyclase in the ensemble regulation of presynaptic terminal excitability: reduced synaptic strength and precision in a Drosophila memory mutant. J Neurogenet 23:185-99
Ueda, Atsushi; Wu, Chun-Fang (2008) Effects of hyperkinetic, a beta subunit of Shaker voltage-dependent K+ channels, on the oxidation state of presynaptic nerve terminals. J Neurogenet 22:1-13
Lee, J; Ueda, A; Wu, C-F (2008) Pre- and post-synaptic mechanisms of synaptic strength homeostasis revealed by slowpoke and shaker K+ channel mutations in Drosophila. Neuroscience 154:1283-96
Volk, A Paige Davis; Heise, Christine K; Hougen, Jami L et al. (2008) ClC-3 and IClswell are required for normal neutrophil chemotaxis and shape change. J Biol Chem 283:34315-26

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