The neurohumoral systems and kidneys are closely linked in long-term control of cardiovascular dynamics. Our previous studies provided evidence that abnormal kidney function, manifested by impaired pressure natriuresis, plays a key role in all forms of chronic hypertension studied thus far. Some abnormalities of pressure natriuresis originate intrarenally, but many occur through activation of neurohumoral mechanisms that impair renal excretory capability. For this reason, a major part of our research program has been directed toward understanding the neurohumoral and intrarenal mechanisms that regulate kidney function and how these are altered in chronic hypertension. Our recent work has focused on the mechanisms of obesity hypertension which has special relevance to human essential hypertension. We provided evidence that activation of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) plays a major role in the pathophysiology of obesityhypertension. We also found that leptin, a cytokine released from adipocytes, contributes to sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation and increased blood pressure (BP) mainly by stimulating the central nervous system (CMS) pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) pathway. However, the CMS circuits and cell signaling mechanisms that mediate the chronic effects of the leptin-melanocortin system on RSNA, BP, and metabolism are poorly understood. The central hypothesis of this proposal is that leptin-melanocortin activation in distinct areas of the brain and through multiple intracellular signaling pathways can differentially and independently regulate appetite, oxygen consumption (VOz) and energy expenditure, RSNA and BP.
Specific Aim 1 will determine the role of leptin receptors in the forebrain, POMC and paraventricular (PVN) neurons in constitutive regulation of metabolic and cardiovascular functions and in mediating the chronic actions of leptin on control of appetite, V02 and energy expenditure, RSNA, and BP.
Specific Aim 2 will determine the specific roles of Stat3, Shp2-MAPK, and lrs2-PI3K signaling in the forebrain, POMC and PVN neurons in constitutive regulation of metabolic and cardiovascular functions and in mediating the chronic appetite suppression, VO2 and energy expenditure, RSNA, and BP actions of leptin.
Specific Aim 3 will determine the role of melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) activation in the forebrain and PVN neurons in controlling metabolic and cardiovascular functions, and in mediating the chronic appetite suppression, VO2 and energy expenditure, RSNA, and BP actions of leptin. These studies will use novel mouse models in which the leptin receptor or the 3 main leptin signaling pathways (StatS, lrs2-PI3K, and Shp2-MAPK) are deleted by Cre/loxP recombinase in the forebrain, POMC or PVN neurons or in the entire brain to determine the brain regions and cell signaling mechanisms that mediate the chronic actions of leptin, and that constitutively control body weight, total body VO2 and energy expenditure, glucose homeostasis, RSNA and BP. The role of MC4R activation in specific CNS regions in mediating the chronic actions of leptin will be determined in mice with mutated MC4R (loxTB-MC4R""""""""''mice) where the MC4R is """"""""rescued"""""""" in the forebrain, POMC or PVN neurons, or the entire brain. Integrative physiological methods, including 24 hr/day monitoring of BP, RSNA, kidney function, and metabolic functions, in combination with unique genetic models provide a novel and powerful approach to elucidate the complex CNS circuits and signaling pathways by which the leptin-melanocortin system differentially regulates BP, sympathetic activity and metabolic functions that determine energy balance

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01HL051971-19
Application #
8374555
Study Section
Heart, Lung, and Blood Initial Review Group (HLBP)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
2011-12-01
Budget End
2012-11-30
Support Year
19
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$283,772
Indirect Cost
$92,040
Name
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
928824473
City
Jackson
State
MS
Country
United States
Zip Code
39216
Shekhar, Shashank; Cunningham, Mark W; Pabbidi, Mallikarjuna R et al. (2018) Targeting vascular inflammation in ischemic stroke: Recent developments on novel immunomodulatory approaches. Eur J Pharmacol 833:531-544
Quan, Nanhu; Wang, Lin; Chen, Xu et al. (2018) Sestrin2 prevents age-related intolerance to post myocardial infarction via AMPK/PGC-1? pathway. J Mol Cell Cardiol 115:170-178
Lindsey, Merry L; Mouton, Alan J; Ma, Yonggang (2018) Adding Reg3? to the acute coronary syndrome prognostic marker list. Int J Cardiol 258:24-25
Brooks, Heddwen L; Lindsey, Merry L (2018) Guidelines for authors and reviewers on antibody use in physiology studies. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 314:H724-H732
Aberdein, Nicola; Dambrino, Robert J; do Carmo, Jussara M et al. (2018) Role of PTP1B in POMC neurons during chronic high-fat diet: sex differences in regulation of liver lipids and glucose tolerance. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 314:R478-R488
Eddy, Adrian C; Bidwell 3rd, Gene L; George, Eric M (2018) Pro-angiogenic therapeutics for preeclampsia. Biol Sex Differ 9:36
do Carmo, Jussara M; da Silva, Alexandre A; Moak, Sydney P et al. (2018) Role of melanocortin 4 receptor in hypertension induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia. Acta Physiol (Oxf) :e13222
Lindsey, Merry L; Bolli, Roberto; Canty Jr, John M et al. (2018) Guidelines for experimental models of myocardial ischemia and infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 314:H812-H838
Chen, Xu; Li, Xuan; Zhang, Wenyan et al. (2018) Activation of AMPK inhibits inflammatory response during hypoxia and reoxygenation through modulating JNK-mediated NF-?B pathway. Metabolism 83:256-270
Ma, Yonggang; Mouton, Alan J; Lindsey, Merry L (2018) Cardiac macrophage biology in the steady-state heart, the aging heart, and following myocardial infarction. Transl Res 191:15-28

Showing the most recent 10 out of 767 publications