This is a revised application for the International Core. It is now recognized that the greatest impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic is international, affecting, above all, middle- and low-income countries in the developing world. Confronting AIDS internationally must thus be a key priority in any meaningful research response to the epidemic. The international focus of the HIV Center's work has thus been highlighted and reinforced in the Center's current application for renewal of funding from NIMH. The importance of this growing emphasis on international HIV/AIDS research has been concretely expressed in the organizational structure of the Center through the creation of a new International Core that will provide leadership as well as scientific, technical, and administrative support for research activities in this area. Working together with the other HIV Center Cores as well as with institutional partners in three key priority countries -South Africa, Namibia, and Brazil--the International Core will facilitate and support the development of collaborative, cross-national, and comparative research on HIV/AIDS prevention. It will seek to coordinate and to serve as an ongoing resource for the development of international research activities on the part of HIV Center investigators working in collaboration with local institutions and investigators, and will provide technical advice on the design and implementation of collaborative international studies. It will also assist investigators in developing comparative analyses based on cross-national and cross-cultural research findings, of key theoretical and topical issues relevant to the global response to HIV and AIDS. Finally, it will help in dissemination research findings related to the global HIV/AIDS pandemic, in order to contribute to the development of scientific knowledge as well as to emphasize the importance of research findings in informing policy formation locally and internationally. In all of its activities, it will emphasize in the international arena the key themes and research topics that have been identified as the focus for the HIV Center's work more generally, especially issues related to gender and sexuality, particularly among population groups such as young people, heterosexual women and men, men who have sex with men, and people living with HIV.
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