The goal of this project is to develop methods to label a specific type of cells with MRI detectable contrast agents and to track the movement of these labeled cells non-invasively in live animals by MRI techniques. The idea is currently applied to early detection of acute organ rejection in organ transplantation. It is well known that the T-ceII is the primary effector cell in acute graft rejection. We hope to track by MRI, the """"""""homing"""""""" of T-cells to the site of graft rejection by labeling T-cells with MR detectable contrast agents. Dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron-oxide (SPIO) particles have been used as MR contrast agents, but they are currently commercially not available. We have synthesized our own dextran-coated SPIO particles, referred to as Ferumag, which have characteristics that are comparable to previously obtained commercial samples. T-Cells are labeled with Ferumag particles by endocytosis, resulting in a labeling efficiency of about 20%. Several modifications to the endocytosis conditions were carried out to improve the labeling efficiency. To further improve the sensitivity for detecting organ rejection, we are currently exploring the possibility of culturing T-cells that are specific to the donor so that they will selectively home to the rejection site. A major difficulty with tracking cell migration with MRI has been the low sensitivity because of the sparse population of labeled T-cells leading to a low concentration of labeled cells within an image voxel. Increasing image resolution, however, should lead to a higher labeled cell concentration within the voxels that contain labeled cells, thereby enhancing image contrast. We have investigated this hypothesis with high-resolution MRI of Ferumag labeled T-cell samples where the locations of single cells labeled by Ferumag have been imaged by MRI. Co-labeling of T-cells with Dil for fluorescence microscopy studies provide verification of labeled T-ceIl locations in the sample.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
Type
Biotechnology Resource Grants (P41)
Project #
5P41RR003631-14
Application #
6504556
Study Section
Project Start
2001-09-30
Project End
2002-08-14
Budget Start
1997-10-01
Budget End
1998-09-30
Support Year
14
Fiscal Year
2001
Total Cost
$134,676
Indirect Cost
Name
Carnegie-Mellon University
Department
Type
DUNS #
052184116
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
Ramachandran, Suchitra; Meyer, Travis; Olson, Carl R (2016) Prediction suppression in monkey inferotemporal cortex depends on the conditional probability between images. J Neurophysiol 115:355-62
Meyer, Travis; Walker, Christopher; Cho, Raymond Y et al. (2014) Image familiarization sharpens response dynamics of neurons in inferotemporal cortex. Nat Neurosci 17:1388-94
Hall, Nathan; Colby, Carol (2014) S-cone visual stimuli activate superior colliculus neurons in old world monkeys: implications for understanding blindsight. J Cogn Neurosci 26:1234-56
Subramanian, Janani; Colby, Carol L (2014) Shape selectivity and remapping in dorsal stream visual area LIP. J Neurophysiol 111:613-27
Berdyyeva, Tamara K; Olson, Carl R (2014) Intracortical microstimulation of supplementary eye field impairs ability of monkeys to make serially ordered saccades. J Neurophysiol 111:1529-40
Meyer, Travis; Ramachandran, Suchitra; Olson, Carl R (2014) Statistical learning of serial visual transitions by neurons in monkey inferotemporal cortex. J Neurosci 34:9332-7
Hall, Nathan; Colby, Carol (2013) Psychophysical definition of S-cone stimuli in the macaque. J Vis 13:
Leathers, Marvin L; Olson, Carl R (2012) In monkeys making value-based decisions, LIP neurons encode cue salience and not action value. Science 338:132-5
Meyer, Travis; Olson, Carl R (2011) Statistical learning of visual transitions in monkey inferotemporal cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:19401-6
Berdyyeva, Tamara K; Olson, Carl R (2011) Relation of ordinal position signals to the expectation of reward and passage of time in four areas of the macaque frontal cortex. J Neurophysiol 105:2547-59

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