Poster at the Biophysical Society Meeting, Feb 22-26 in Kansas City MO Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (Magde et al. 1972, Phys. Rev. Lett. 29:705) is uniquely suited for determination of the rate constants of molecular dynamics and chemical kinetics of spontaneous processes. Statistical physics dictates that the fluorescence obtained from the small probe volume employed in FCS fluctuates about a mean value, due to individual molecules diffusing in and out of the volume and/or due to inter-conversion of such molecules to and from a non-fluorescent form. The autocorrelation function therefore contains information about chemical reaction kinetics, coefficients of diffusion and the equilibrium chemical concentrations. GFP fluorescence is highly dependent on the protonation state and external conditions (Ward et al. 1982, Photochem. Photobiol. 35:803-808). Using one-photon excitation (488nm) with confocal fluorescence detection and alternatively two-photon excitation (910nm), we have identified a spontaneous modulation of the fluorescence with a charact eristic time constant around 200 (s. The amplitude of the modulation is pH dependent; with decreasing pH an increasing fraction of molecules is found in a nonfluorescent state (in agreement with bulk measurements). The kinetics are temperature dependent yielding an activation energy of about 10 kcal/mol and are slowed down in D2O by a factor of about 1.5. From these results we conclude that the observed kinetics represent thermal interconversion between two states of the fluorophore (Brejc et al. 1997, Proc. Acad. Natl. Sci. USA 94:2306-2311): protonated (?abs~400nm, not well-excited by 488nm) and unprotonated (?abs~490nm). This process is distinguished from that recently reported (Dickson et al., Nature 388:355-358) at much slower time-scales (~1s).

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
Type
Biotechnology Resource Grants (P41)
Project #
5P41RR004224-12
Application #
6206208
Study Section
Project Start
1999-09-01
Project End
2000-08-31
Budget Start
1998-10-01
Budget End
1999-09-30
Support Year
12
Fiscal Year
1999
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Cornell University
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Ithaca
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
14850
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McMullen, Jesse D; Zipfel, Warren R (2010) A multiphoton objective design with incorporated beam splitter for enhanced fluorescence collection. Opt Express 18:5390-8

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