This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The primary objective of the project is to develop appropriate methodology to extend functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) into conscious nonhuman primates trained to engage in behavioral activities. The protocols will be used to study cocaine-induced changes in brain function and the neural basis of cognition. Radiofrequency electronics have been engineered and adapted for neuroimaging of awake rhesus monkeys on a newly purchased 3T magnet located in the Yerkes Imaging Core Facility. Acquisition of fMRI data in conscious rhesus monkeys was obtained through a collaborative effort established with Insight Neuroimaging Systems, Inc. A dual transmitter / receiver coil was tested in awake rhesus monkeys, and quality blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals were obtained. Two adult rhesus monkeys have been acclimated to a custom designed restraint device and imaged during activation with elevated CO2 in inspired air. The latter protocol will provide a standard, non-drug stimulus for brain activation to compare to pharmacological activation with cocaine. In addition, a visual activation protocol has been developed as another standard reference. Both subjects have habituated very well to the restraint and activation protocols, and quality fMRI data have been obtained. The MRI facilities at the Yerkes Center will be the focal point of all new methods development in the coming year.
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