Previously we demonstrated that administration of synthetic progesterone to macaques resulted in thinning of the vaginal epithelium and increased susceptibility to SIV infection following atraumatic vaginal inoculation The objective of this study was to determine whether administration of progestin-only contraceptives also induced thinning of the vaginal epithelium in macaques Eight intact rhesus monkeys (4/group) were treated with either a single intramuscular injection of 30 mg Depo-Provera _ or subcutaneous insertion of Norplant-II _ (2x75 mg rods; day 0) Norplant-II _ rods were removed 90 days after insertion Vaginal biopsies were obtained during a pretreatment menstrual cycle and following treatment on days 10, 30, 60, 118, and 146 Formalin-fixed vaginal biopsies were evaluated for epithelial thickness and the degree of keratinization Circulating levels of estradiol and progesterone confirmed the stage of the menstrual cycle in which pretreatment bi opsi es were obtained A pronounced effect of progestin treatment was observed on the vaginal epithelium Compared to pretreatment menstrual cycle controls, the vaginal epithelial thickness was decreased (p<0 05) by day 30 or 60 following Norplant-II _ insertion or Depo-Provera _ injection, respectively The number of epithelial cell layers was also decreased (p<0 05) on days 30 and/or 60 in progestin-treated monkeys compared to pretreatment control cycles Following removal of Norplant-II _ or metabolic excretion of MPA, the vaginal epithelium regenerated and the thickness was no longer different (p>0 05) from the pretreatment control cycle These data demonstrate that progestin-only contraceptives induced thinning of the vaginal epithelium in rhesus monkeys, and this effect was rapidly reversible following physical or metabolic removal of the progestin Publication Hild-Petito S, Veazey RS, Larner JM, Reel JR, Blye RP Effects of two progestin-only contraceptives, Depo-Provera and Norplant-II on the vaginal epithelium of rhesus monkeys AIDS Res Hum Retro, 14:S1:S125-S130, 1998

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
Type
Primate Research Center Grants (P51)
Project #
5P51RR000168-41
Application #
6591325
Study Section
Project Start
2002-05-01
Project End
2003-04-30
Budget Start
1997-10-01
Budget End
1998-09-30
Support Year
41
Fiscal Year
2002
Total Cost
$111,112
Indirect Cost
Name
Harvard University
Department
Type
DUNS #
082359691
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02115
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Ma, Qi; Ruan, Hongyu; Peng, Lisheng et al. (2017) Proteasome-independent polyubiquitin linkage regulates synapse scaffolding, efficacy, and plasticity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:E8760-E8769
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