Abstract

448 Significance HIV is primarily a sexually transmitted disease but little is known about the transmission of viral variants during sexual contact. Development of a women-controlled methods for preventing sexual HIV transmission is a critical need for reducing the impact of AIDS on women and children, especially in developing countries. Objectives In this study, we used the rhesus macaque/SIV model to test the efficacy of a proprietary carbohydrate compound based on carrageenans. Carrageenans are used to make ice cream smooth. Results Four mature female rhesus macaques were treated by placing 1 ml of the compound in the vagina. After waiting 5 minutes, 1 ml of SIVmac251 was placed into the vagina. This treat and challenge procedure was repeated once. The animals were monitored for SIV infection for 4 months. Two of 4 animals were protected from SIV infection by the compound. This positive result suggests that very safe, non-irritating compounds will be useful for preventing HIV transmission. Future Directions The collaborator is attempting to produce a compound with higher efficacy. KEY WORDS microbicides, HIV mucosal transmission FUNDING Population Council

  Funding Agency

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
Type
Primate Research Center Grants (P51)
Project #
5P51RR000169-38
Application #
6116697
Study Section
Project Start
1999-05-01
Project End
2000-04-30
Budget Start
1998-10-01
Budget End
1999-09-30
Support Year
38
Fiscal Year
1999
Total Cost
Indirect Cost

  Institution

Name
University of California Davis
Department
Type
DUNS #
094878337
City
Davis
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
95618

  Publications

Comrie, Alison E; Gray, Daniel T; Smith, Anne C et al. (2018) Different macaque models of cognitive aging exhibit task-dependent behavioral disparities. Behav Brain Res 344:110-119
Day, George Q; Ng, Jillian; Oldt, Robert F et al. (2018) DNA-based Determination of Ancestry in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 57:432-442
Carroll, Timothy D; Jegaskanda, Sinthujan; Matzinger, Shannon R et al. (2018) A Lipid/DNA Adjuvant-Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine Protects Rhesus Macaques From Uncontrolled Virus Replication After Heterosubtypic Influenza A Virus Challenge. J Infect Dis 218:856-867
Midic, Uros; VandeVoort, Catherine A; Latham, Keith E (2018) Determination of single embryo sex in Macaca mulatta and Mus musculus RNA-Seq transcriptome profiles. Physiol Genomics 50:628-635
Almodovar, Sharilyn; Swanson, Jessica; Giavedoni, Luis D et al. (2018) Lung Vascular Remodeling, Cardiac Hypertrophy, and Inflammatory Cytokines in SHIVnef-Infected Macaques. Viral Immunol 31:206-222
Ciupe, Stanca M; Miller, Christopher J; Forde, Jonathan E (2018) A Bistable Switch in Virus Dynamics Can Explain the Differences in Disease Outcome Following SIV Infections in Rhesus Macaques. Front Microbiol 9:1216
Seil, Shannon K; Hannibal, Darcy L; Beisner, Brianne A et al. (2017) Predictors of insubordinate aggression among captive female rhesus macaques. Am J Phys Anthropol 164:558-573
Zhang, Xinjun; Kanthaswamy, Sree; Trask, Jessica S et al. (2017) Genetic Characterization of a Captive Colony of Pigtailed Macaques (Macaca nemestrina). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 56:390-395
Rose, Destanie R; Careaga, Milo; Van de Water, Judy et al. (2017) Long-term altered immune responses following fetal priming in a non-human primate model of maternal immune activation. Brain Behav Immun 63:60-70
Jensen, Kara; Dela Pena-Ponce, Myra Grace; Piatak Jr, Michael et al. (2017) Balancing Trained Immunity with Persistent Immune Activation and the Risk of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Infant Macaques Vaccinated with Attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine. Clin Vaccine Immunol 24:

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