The broad long term objective of this proposal is to understand the molecular basis of superoxide production in human neutrophils. The proposed investigation will focus on the structural changes of human neutrophil flavocytochrome b (Cytb) upon activation of the NADPH oxidase. The fundamental assumption made in this proposal is that alterations in the structure of this electron transferase regulate the flow of electrons across the membrane it spans. Elucidation of the structural mechanism of regulation of this electron flow will provide crucial information necessary to understand the molecular basis of an essential process in phagocyte-mediated microbicidal killing and tissue injury. Examination of the structure/function relationships existing in this integral membrane glycoprotein may lead to the development of rationally designed drugs that could ameliorate neutrophil mediated tissue damage and enhance neutrophil mediated microbicidal killing. More specifically, this proposal outlines strategies for exploiting 9 monoclonal and recombinant antibodies that recognize unique native flavocytochrome b epitopes, defining their placement on the surface of flavocytochrome b. It describes a plan to covalently modify these antibodies with fluorescent probes, to triangulate heme sites using fluorescence resonance energy transfer, measure the distance between antibody sites, and determine how these distances change upon activation of the oxidase. The proposal also outlines a strategy to determine surface topology and intramolecular proximities. This strategy includes selective crosslinking of purified flavocytochrome followed limited proteolysis and HPLC/mass spectrometry analysis. It also outlines a plan to analyze Cytb molecular shape by single molecule conventional and cryoelectron microscopy. Lastly, the proposal exploits recent progress made in antibody imprinting, an application of phage display analysis developed by the Principal Investigator, which identifies structural elements of antibody binding sites. This information will be used to help produce a nearest neighbor map of the antigen epitope to aid in design of peptide inhibitors of the antibody-antigen interactions and produce raw material for making antibody-peptide complexes for cocrystallization and structure determination under other support. Successful completion of this work will initiate the development of a structural model of the flavocytochrome that will be able to incorporate its known sequence, transmembrane topology, gross molecular shape, and antibody imprint structure of discrete surface sites and be essential to the interpretation of any fully solved x-ray crystal structure.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01AI026711-21S1
Application #
8068581
Study Section
Erythrocyte and Leukocyte Biology Study Section (ELB)
Program Officer
Davidson, Wendy F
Project Start
2010-08-02
Project End
2012-07-31
Budget Start
2010-08-02
Budget End
2012-07-31
Support Year
21
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$330,884
Indirect Cost
Name
Montana State University - Bozeman
Department
Microbiology/Immun/Virology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
625447982
City
Bozeman
State
MT
Country
United States
Zip Code
59717
Taylor, Ross M; Riesselman, Marcia H; Lord, Connie I et al. (2012) Anionic lipid-induced conformational changes in human phagocyte flavocytochrome b precede assembly and activation of the NADPH oxidase complex. Arch Biochem Biophys 521:24-31
Ramaraj, Thiruvarangan; Angel, Thomas; Dratz, Edward A et al. (2012) Antigen-antibody interface properties: composition, residue interactions, and features of 53 non-redundant structures. Biochim Biophys Acta 1824:520-32
Taylor, Ross M; Dratz, Edward A; Jesaitis, Algirdas J (2011) Invariant local conformation in p22phox p.Y72H polymorphisms suggested by mass spectral analysis of crosslinked human neutrophil flavocytochrome b. Biochimie 93:1502-9
Picciocchi, Antoine; Debeurme, Franck; Beaumel, Sylvain et al. (2011) Role of putative second transmembrane region of Nox2 protein in the structural stability and electron transfer of the phagocytic NADPH oxidase. J Biol Chem 286:28357-69
Campion, Yannick; Jesaitis, Algirdas J; Nguyen, Minh Vu Chuong et al. (2009) New p22-phox monoclonal antibodies: identification of a conformational probe for cytochrome b 558. J Innate Immun 1:556-69
von Lohneysen, Katharina; Noack, Deborah; Jesaitis, Algirdas J et al. (2008) Mutational analysis reveals distinct features of the Nox4-p22 phox complex. J Biol Chem 283:35273-82
Lord, Connie I; Riesselman, Marcia H; Gripentrog, Jeannie M et al. (2008) Single-step immunoaffinity purification and functional reconstitution of human phagocyte flavocytochrome b. J Immunol Methods 329:201-7
Nakano, Yoko; Banfi, Botond; Jesaitis, Algirdas J et al. (2007) Critical roles for p22phox in the structural maturation and subcellular targeting of Nox3. Biochem J 403:97-108
Babbin, Brian A; Jesaitis, Algirdas J; Ivanov, Andrei I et al. (2007) Formyl peptide receptor-1 activation enhances intestinal epithelial cell restitution through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent activation of Rac1 and Cdc42. J Immunol 179:8112-21
Taylor, Ross M; Lord, Connie I; Riesselman, Marcia H et al. (2007) Characterization of surface structure and p47phox SH3 domain-mediated conformational changes for human neutrophil flavocytochrome b. Biochemistry 46:14291-304

Showing the most recent 10 out of 43 publications