Our long term goals are to elucidate the genetic and molecular mechanisms of excision repair of DNA damaged by ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The overall objective of this proposal is to study the structure, regulation, and function of the RAD7, RAD14, RAD16, RAD23, and MMS19 genes involved in excision of pyrimidine dimers. The RAD14, RAD16, and MMS19 genes will be isolated by complementation of UV or MMS sensitivity of the corresponding mutants. The complementing DNA fragments will be subcloned and the identity of the cloned gene confirmed by mapping it to its location in the yeast genome. The cloned genes will be used for making deletions of the corresponding genes in the yeast genome, and the effects of deletions studies. The size and direction of the RAD14, RAD16, and MMS19 transcripts will be determined by using M13mp18 and M13mp19 phages containing an internal fragment of the RAD or MMS gene. Radioactively labeled single-stranded DNA probes from these recombinant phages will be used in hybridizations to yeast RNA. The nucleotide sequence of the RAD14, RAD16, RAD23, and MMS19 genes will be determined by the Sanger dideoxy method. The 5' and 3' mRNA termini of the RAD7, RAD14, RAD16, RAD23, and MMS19 genes will be located by S1 nuclease mapping. To determine if the RAD7, RAD14, RAD16, RAD23, and MMS19 genes show regulated expression, transcript levels, and Beta-galactosidase levels in yeast strains containing in-frame fusions of these genes with the E. coli lacZ gene, will be examined following UV irradiation. RAD-lacZ fusions will be used for determining the intracellular location of the hybrid proteins by cell fractionation and immunofluorescence. The amino acid sequence determinants in these RAD and MMS proteins affecting their nuclear localization will be identified. The RAD7, RAD14, RAD16, RAD23, and MMS19 genes will be fused to a strong yeast promoter in a multicopy plasmid for overproducing their proteins, and the RAD or MMS gene encoded proteins purified from yeast strains containing these multicopy plasmids. The purified proteins will be examined for DNA binding, DNA unwinding, ATPase, UV endonuclease, exonuclease and nucleosome binding. Human xeroderma pigmentosum patients are defective in excision of UV induced pyrimidine dimers from DNA and show an increased frequency of cancers. The proposed studies should provide a model system for understanding the complex mechanisms of excision repair in eukaryotes, including humans.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01CA041261-06
Application #
3181554
Study Section
Radiation Study Section (RAD)
Project Start
1985-12-01
Project End
1996-03-31
Budget Start
1991-04-01
Budget End
1992-03-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
1991
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Rochester
Department
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
208469486
City
Rochester
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
14627
Ribar, Balazs; Prakash, Louise; Prakash, Satya (2007) ELA1 and CUL3 are required along with ELC1 for RNA polymerase II polyubiquitylation and degradation in DNA-damaged yeast cells. Mol Cell Biol 27:3211-6
Ribar, Balazs; Prakash, Louise; Prakash, Satya (2006) Requirement of ELC1 for RNA polymerase II polyubiquitylation and degradation in response to DNA damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 26:3999-4005
Guzder, Sami N; Sommers, Christopher H; Prakash, Louise et al. (2006) Complex formation with damage recognition protein Rad14 is essential for Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad1-Rad10 nuclease to perform its function in nucleotide excision repair in vivo. Mol Cell Biol 26:1135-41
Guzder, Sami N; Torres-Ramos, Carlos; Johnson, Robert E et al. (2004) Requirement of yeast Rad1-Rad10 nuclease for the removal of 3'-blocked termini from DNA strand breaks induced by reactive oxygen species. Genes Dev 18:2283-91
Yu, Sung-Lim; Lee, Sung-Keun; Johnson, Robert E et al. (2003) The stalling of transcription at abasic sites is highly mutagenic. Mol Cell Biol 23:382-8
Johnson, Robert E; Yu, Sung-Lim; Prakash, Satya et al. (2003) Yeast DNA polymerase zeta (zeta) is essential for error-free replication past thymine glycol. Genes Dev 17:77-87
Lee, Sung-Keun; Yu, Sung-Lim; Prakash, Louise et al. (2002) Requirement of yeast RAD2, a homolog of human XPG gene, for efficient RNA polymerase II transcription. implications for Cockayne syndrome. Cell 109:823-34
Lee, Sung-Keun; Yu, Sung-Lim; Prakash, Louise et al. (2002) Yeast RAD26, a homolog of the human CSB gene, functions independently of nucleotide excision repair and base excision repair in promoting transcription through damaged bases. Mol Cell Biol 22:4383-9
Unk, Ildiko; Haracska, Lajos; Gomes, Xavier V et al. (2002) Stimulation of 3'-->5' exonuclease and 3'-phosphodiesterase activities of yeast apn2 by proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Mol Cell Biol 22:6480-6
Unk, I; Haracska, L; Prakash, S et al. (2001) 3'-phosphodiesterase and 3'-->5' exonuclease activities of yeast Apn2 protein and requirement of these activities for repair of oxidative DNA damage. Mol Cell Biol 21:1656-61

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