The primary objective of this research project is the isolation and structural elucidation of novel antimicrobial metabolites from marine organisms. The research will involve field collection of the marine organisms, bioassay-directed isolation of antimicrobial metabolites and the structural elucidation of these metabolites. Secondary objectives include the search for antifungal and certain cytotoxic metabolites from marine organisms, efforts to make active metabolites available for broader pharmacological screening and attempts to correlate the presence of antimicrobial metabolites with ecological parameters. The priorities for field collections are based on in situ screening, prior collecting experience and ecological clues. The marine organisms are collected by hand, primarily from tropical and subtropical locations. Extracts of the organisms are fractionated using antimicrobial assays to detect the active metabolites. We are primarily interested in the more polar active metabolites and are having to adapt analytical separation methods to deal with the purification of these metabolites. Pure compounds will be identified using all modern spectroscopic methods and the structures confirmed, when possible, by interconversion with known compounds. We anticipate that this research project will continue to generate antimicrobials with novel chemical structures. We will maintain a backlog of at least ten marine organisms that produce antimicrobial compounds by collecting at regular intervals. At present we have more than twenty active marine organisms in hand with four studies in progress. Using two collaborative screening programs, we will obtain the widest possible pharmacological screening for these antimicrobial metabolites.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA049084-18
Application #
3193034
Study Section
Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry Study Section (BNP)
Project Start
1977-02-01
Project End
1993-04-30
Budget Start
1991-05-01
Budget End
1992-04-30
Support Year
18
Fiscal Year
1991
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Diego
Department
Type
Schools of Earth Sciences/Natur
DUNS #
077758407
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92093
Boonlarppradab, Chollaratt; Faulkner, D John (2007) Eurysterols A and B, cytotoxic and antifungal steroidal sulfates from a marine sponge of the genus Euryspongia. J Nat Prod 70:846-8
Rao, M Rama; Faulkner, D John (2004) Botryllamides E-H, four new tyrosine derivatives from the ascidian Botrylloides tyreum. J Nat Prod 67:1064-6
Schmidt, Eric W; Raventos-Suarez, Carmen; Bifano, Marc et al. (2004) Scleritodermin A, a cytotoxic cyclic peptide from the lithistid sponge Scleritoderma nodosum. J Nat Prod 67:475-8
Lerch, Melissa L; Harper, Mary Kay; Faulkner, D John (2003) Brominated polyacetylenes from the Philippines sponge Diplastrella sp. J Nat Prod 66:667-70
Long, Richard A; Qureshi, Asfia; Faulkner, D John et al. (2003) 2-n-Pentyl-4-quinolinol produced by a marine Alteromonas sp. and its potential ecological and biogeochemical roles. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:568-76
Ridley, Christian P; Faulkner, D John (2003) New cytotoxic steroidal alkaloids from the Philippine sponge Corticium niger. J Nat Prod 66:1536-9
Sandler, Joel S; Colin, Patrick L; Hooper, John N A et al. (2002) Cytotoxic beta-carbolines and cyclic peroxides from the Palauan sponge Plakortis nigra. J Nat Prod 65:1258-61
Rao, M Rama; Faulkner, D John (2002) Clavosolides A and B, dimeric macrolides from the Philippines sponge Myriastra clavosa. J Nat Prod 65:386-8
Salomon, Christine E; Williams, David H; Lobkovsky, Emil et al. (2002) Relative and absolute stereochemistry of the didemnaketals, metabolites of a Palauan ascidian, Didemnum sp. Org Lett 4:1699-702
Rama Rao, M; Faulkner, D John (2002) Isotactic polymethoxydienes from the Philippines sponge Myriastra clavosa. J Nat Prod 65:1201-3

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