We propose to study the chemical spectrum and biological consequences of deoxyribose oxidation produced by ionizing radiation and chemical oxidants in isolated DNA and in cells. DNA oxidation is strongly associated with the pathophysiology of cancer and aging, with the bulk of research in this area focused on nucleobase lesions. However, there is growing evidence that deoxyribose oxidation plays a critical role in the genetic toxicology of oxidative stress, including involvement in complex DNA lesions, cross-linking with DNA repair proteins and the formation of endogenous DNA adducts. In spite of this evidence, there have been few studies that address the chemistry of deoxyribose oxidation in cells. We propose to develop sensitive analytical techniques to quantify the spectrum of deoxyribose oxidation products in isolated DNA and in cells exposed to different oxidizing agents, and to define the cellular response to these products.
Aim #1 : Development of analytical techniques to quantify deoxyribose oxidation products. With abundant support from preliminary studies, we will develop GC/MS strategies for quantifying oxidation products arising from the 1'-, 3'-, 4'-, and 5'-positions of deoxyribose.
Aim #2 : Development of alpha-particle sources. A major goal of our studies is to compare and contrast the chemistry of deoxyribose oxidation caused by alpha- and gamma-radiation. Limited access to alpha-radiation facilities has motivated us to develop versatile 241Am alpha-particle sources for irradiation of isolated DNA and cells.
Aim #3 : Characterization of deoxyribose oxidation products in purified DNA. The methods and radiation sources developed in Aims #1 and #2 will be applied to quantifying deoxyribose oxidation products in isolated DNA. The goals here are: (1) to lay the groundwork for studies in cells; and (2) to test hypotheses related to the chemical mechanisms of deoxyribose oxidation by ionizing radiation and chemical oxidants.
Aim #4 : Defining the chemistry and biology of deoxyribose oxidation in cells. Observations made in isolated DNA will now be carded into cells. There are two objectives here: (1) to define the effect of the cellular environment on the chemistry of deoxyribose oxidation; and (2) to define the role of deoxyribose oxidation in the cellular responses to oxidative stress.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA103146-02
Application #
6776484
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-PTHB (03))
Program Officer
Okano, Paul
Project Start
2003-08-01
Project End
2008-07-31
Budget Start
2004-08-01
Budget End
2005-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$385,000
Indirect Cost
Name
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Department
Type
Organized Research Units
DUNS #
001425594
City
Cambridge
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02139
Edrissi, Bahar; Taghizadeh, Koli; Moeller, Benjamin C et al. (2017) N6-Formyllysine as a Biomarker of Formaldehyde Exposure: Formation and Loss of N6-Formyllysine in Nasal Epithelium in Long-Term, Low-Dose Inhalation Studies in Rats. Chem Res Toxicol 30:1572-1576
Edrissi, Bahar; Taghizadeh, Koli; Moeller, Benjamin C et al. (2013) Dosimetry of N?-formyllysine adducts following [¹³C²H?]-formaldehyde exposures in rats. Chem Res Toxicol 26:1421-3
Edrissi, Bahar; Taghizadeh, Koli; Dedon, Peter C (2013) Quantitative analysis of histone modifications: formaldehyde is a source of pathological n(6)-formyllysine that is refractory to histone deacetylases. PLoS Genet 9:e1003328
Lim, Kok Seong; Cui, Liang; Taghizadeh, Koli et al. (2012) In situ analysis of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine oxidation reveals sequence- and agent-specific damage spectra. J Am Chem Soc 134:18053-64
Lonkar, Pallavi; Dedon, Peter C (2011) Reactive species and DNA damage in chronic inflammation: reconciling chemical mechanisms and biological fates. Int J Cancer 128:1999-2009
Cooke, Marcus S; Loft, Steffen; Olinski, Ryszard et al. (2010) Recommendations for standardized description of and nomenclature concerning oxidatively damaged nucleobases in DNA. Chem Res Toxicol 23:705-7
Chan, Wan; Chen, Bingzi; Wang, Lianrong et al. (2010) Quantification of the 2-deoxyribonolactone and nucleoside 5'-aldehyde products of 2-deoxyribose oxidation in DNA and cells by isotope-dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry: differential effects of gamma-radiation and Fe2+-EDTA. J Am Chem Soc 132:6145-53
Barth, Marita; Dederich, Debra; Dedon, Peter (2009) An improved method for large-scale preparation of negatively and positively supercoiled plasmid DNA. Biotechniques 47:633-5
Taghizadeh, Koli; McFaline, Jose L; Pang, Bo et al. (2008) Quantification of DNA damage products resulting from deamination, oxidation and reaction with products of lipid peroxidation by liquid chromatography isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. Nat Protoc 3:1287-98
Anzenberg, Vered; Chandiramani, Sarika; Coderre, Jeffrey A (2008) LET-dependent bystander effects caused by irradiation of human prostate carcinoma cells with X rays or alpha particles. Radiat Res 170:467-76

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