This program of investigation focuses on the genetics and epigenetics of Specific Language Impairment (SLI). We investigate longitudinal behavioral language phenotypes within a multi-gene developmental model involving a complex interaction of genetics, developmental brain changes, and overlapping phenotypes that intertwine throughout childhood with enduring individual differences in performance levels. Four previous award cycles have generated an ongoing empirical archive of proband and family data that is unique for the detailed documentation of longitudinal growth patterns across multiple indices of language, non-word repetition and other verbal memory tasks, reading, and speech sound acquisition. The ongoing longitudinal study documents a consistent picture for children with SLI of delayed onset of language, lower language levels that persist through adolescence, parallel growth trajectories to unaffected children although at lower levels of performance, and grammatical limitations out of sync with other dimensions of language although also following the growth trajectories of unaffected children. Family members show an elevated rate of affectedness. Language and reading impairments are co-morbid in affected children. Candidate gene linkage and association outcomes suggest gene influences for language, speech, and reading impairments in a set of genes known to influence CNS development. The behavioral growth phenotypes suggest maturational mechanisms as unexamined components of potential genetic influence and the genetics analyses point toward CNS development. What is missing is information about brain maturation in children with and without SLI in this well documented longitudinal sample.
The specific aims of this proposal continue the first two aims from the current funding cycle, revise the third aim, and add a fourth aim to expand the scope to include brain imaging of language processing in children with SLI: (1) To compile a behavioral database of child probands, control children, and family members to be used for developing growth phenotypes in language, reading, speech, and non-word repetition. (2) To investigate the relationships among grammatical markers, vocabulary, omnibus language tests, verbal memory, reading and nonverbal intelligence measures in children with SLI and control children and how the relationships change over time. (3) Identify networks of genes involved in the development of CNS structures and functions involved in language impairment. (4) To characterize brain functional neuroanatomy for language processing in children with and without SLI, including evaluation of brain maturation indices. Collectively the proposed aims of this program of investigation are to identify potential brain phenotypes as biomarkers that are active on the causal pathway of SLI and that could link the DNA variants with the behavioral growth linguistic phenotypes and related endophenotypes. The outcomes would have implications for clinical interventions in the areas of speech, language, and reading impairments and in disabilities associated with language impairments such as autism and intellectual impairments.

Public Health Relevance

Language acquisition of children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) can fall below age expectations throughout childhood for unknown reasons. This study will investigate possible causal pathways in three lines of inquiry: Documenting long-term longitudinal outcomes of language, speech and reading abilities relative to age peers, carrying out family-based candidate gene investigations, and completing brain imaging studies for some of the participants with and without SLI. The overall objective is to identify association of language maturity with brain maturity and genetic variations known to influence brain development. The outcomes will have implications for speech and language intervention methods and pediatric practice.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DC001803-24
Application #
9632792
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Cooper, Judith
Project Start
1993-08-01
Project End
2021-01-31
Budget Start
2019-02-01
Budget End
2021-01-31
Support Year
24
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Kansas Lawrence
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Organized Research Units
DUNS #
076248616
City
Lawrence
State
KS
Country
United States
Zip Code
66045
Rice, Mabel L; Russell, Jonathan S; Frederick, Toni et al. (2018) Risk for Speech and Language Impairments in Preschool Age HIV-exposed Uninfected Children With In Utero Combination Antiretroviral Exposure. Pediatr Infect Dis J 37:678-685
Rice, Mabel L (2016) Specific Language Impairment, Nonverbal IQ, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Cochlear Implants, Bilingualism, and Dialectal Variants: Defining the Boundaries, Clarifying Clinical Conditions, and Sorting Out Causes. J Speech Lang Hear Res 59:122-32
Rice, Mabel L; Hoffman, Lesa (2015) Predicting vocabulary growth in children with and without specific language impairment: a longitudinal study from 2;6 to 21 years of age. J Speech Lang Hear Res 58:345-59
Abel, Alyson D; Rice, Mabel L; Bontempo, Daniel E (2015) Effects of verb familiarity on finiteness marking in children with specific language impairment. J Speech Lang Hear Res 58:360-72
Ash, Andrea C; Rice, Mabel L; Redmond, Sean M (2014) Effect of language context on ratings of shy and unsociable behaviors in English language learner children. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch 45:52-66
Rice, Mabel L; Zeldow, Bret; Siberry, George K et al. (2013) Evaluation of risk for late language emergence after in utero antiretroviral drug exposure in HIV-exposed uninfected infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J 32:e406-13
Rice, Mabel L (2013) Language growth and genetics of specific language impairment. Int J Speech Lang Pathol 15:223-33
Rice, Mabel L; Blossom, Megan (2013) What do children with specific language impairment do with multiple forms of DO? J Speech Lang Hear Res 56:222-35
Sterling, Audra M; Rice, Mabel L; Warren, Steven F (2012) Finiteness marking in boys with fragile X syndrome. J Speech Lang Hear Res 55:1704-15
Hoover, Jill R; Storkel, Holly L; Rice, Mabel L (2012) The interface between neighborhood density and optional infinitives: normal development and Specific Language Impairment. J Child Lang 39:835-62

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