The vast majority of hearing and balance impairments are thought to be due to death of sensory hair cells, the receptor cells of the inner ear. These cells are unusually metabolically active and hypersensitive to damage from overstimulation, some therapeutic drugs and environmental toxins, and aging. However, there is enormous variability in structural and functional outcomes of these challenges to the inner ear among both humans and laboratory animals, and a large number of mutations either directly influence the viability of hair cells, or alter susceptibility to ototoxicity. The goals of the research program proposed herein are: A) to better define the cellular and molecular cascades that control hair cell death and survival following exposure to potentially ototoxic agents;B) to use the genetic potential of the zebrafish and the accessibility of the lateral line neuromasts to identify and characterize genes that influence the viability of hair cells when challenged by ototoxic agents;and C) to employ the lateral line system to rapidly screen for small molecules/drugs that protect against damage. Four groups of experiments are proposed: 1) We will molecularly characterize 5 already identified mutations that confer resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics;2) We will identify distinct pathways resulting in hair cell death using chemical and genetic modifiers of hair cell death;3) We will screen for new genes and drugs that alter the response to aminoglycosides;and 4) We will determine to what degree our findings from the zebrafish lateral line system extend to mammalian systems. In the US, over 31 million adults have trouble hearing. Our research will reveal how the sound-sensing cells of the ear are damaged, identify genes that may underlie the variability in hearing loss, and find drugs that may help in its prevention.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01DC005987-07S2
Application #
7903017
Study Section
Auditory System Study Section (AUD)
Program Officer
Freeman, Nancy
Project Start
2003-04-01
Project End
2010-08-31
Budget Start
2009-09-01
Budget End
2010-08-31
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$60,915
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Washington
Department
Anatomy/Cell Biology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
605799469
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98195
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Chowdhury, Sarwat; Owens, Kelly N; Herr, R Jason et al. (2018) Phenotypic Optimization of Urea-Thiophene Carboxamides To Yield Potent, Well Tolerated, and Orally Active Protective Agents against Aminoglycoside-Induced Hearing Loss. J Med Chem 61:84-97
Schrauwen, Isabelle; Kari, Elina; Mattox, Jacob et al. (2018) De novo variants in GREB1L are associated with non-syndromic inner ear malformations and deafness. Hum Genet 137:459-470
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Esterberg, Robert; Linbo, Tor; Pickett, Sarah B et al. (2016) Mitochondrial calcium uptake underlies ROS generation during aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death. J Clin Invest 126:3556-66
Stawicki, Tamara M; Hernandez, Liana; Esterberg, Robert et al. (2016) Cilia-Associated Genes Play Differing Roles in Aminoglycoside-Induced Hair Cell Death in Zebrafish. G3 (Bethesda) 6:2225-35
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Yoshimatsu, Takeshi; D'Orazi, Florence D; Gamlin, Clare R et al. (2016) Presynaptic partner selection during retinal circuit reassembly varies with timing of neuronal regeneration in vivo. Nat Commun 7:10590
Thomas, Eric D; Cruz, Ivan A; Hailey, Dale W et al. (2015) There and back again: development and regeneration of the zebrafish lateral line system. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol 4:1-16

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