Eukaryotes dedicate hundreds (and in some cases thousands) of proteins towards the regulation of gene expression. Yet very little is known about how all of these proteins coordinate their behavior at the many thousands of genes that comprise a typical genome. Little is known about how this coordination changes as cells reprogram their genome in response to signaling events including environmental stress. The work proposed here uses Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model cellular system to undertake a broad survey of where transcriptional regulatory proteins are located throughout the genome, and where they move to when the genome is reprogrammed by environmental signals, such as heat shock and other stresses. Heat shock provides a rapid and simple programming event for the cell. Preliminary studies on this project have already revealed novel insights into gene regulation by demonstrating that many genes undergo partial assembly of the transcription machinery at promoters. Partial complexes await signaling events that drive them into full assembly. The location of a wide range of proteins involved in transcription will be evaluated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in which microarrays are used to detected genome-wide binding events (so called chlP-chip). Location will be assessed under normal growth conditions and under a wide range of environmental stresses, with particular emphasis on heat shock. Relationships among binding events will provide new insights into transcription complex assembly and regulation. Additional mechanistic insight will be provided through genome-wide biochemical dissection of native transcription complexes isolated from cells. Our cells are constantly faced with environmental extremes, involving temperature, starvation, radiation and harmful chemicals. How we deal with this stress depends upon the action of our transcription machinery. Therefore, a broad understanding of how our transcription machinery works in the face of various stresses is essential for a physiological understanding of human health.
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