The aims of this proposal are to understand high-level perceptions derived from visual motion. Two phenomena that have attracted considerable interest are self-motion perception and structure-from-motion perception. We propose experiments aimed toward understanding the neural circuits responsible for these percepts. Subjects can perceive their direction of self-motion from """"""""optic flow"""""""" signals that are produced on their retinas during translation through the environment. An important problem for the visual system is to recover translation based motion cues when smooth gaze movements are made that generate additional, laminar motions on the retinas. During the last grant period we found that extra-retinal and retinal cues produce shifts in the tuning curves of MSTd neurons that are tuned to the direction of heading. In the first aim of the current proposal we plan to extend these findings with three new lines of research, examining translation compensation, the effects of 3D cues, and the coordinate frame used by MSTd to represent heading direction.
The second aim i s to study the neural networks responsible for SFM perception. Observers can perceive the 3D shape of objects based purely on relative motion cues. Such displays are bistable, and this feature has allowed us to examine the neural correlates of SFM perception. Based on work in the last grant period, we proposed a two-stage model; in the first stage motion signals are measured in Vi and in the second stage surfaces are represented from these motion signals by a circuit within MT. In the current proposal we plan to test this model by examining its temporal dynamics. These studies are designed to gain knowledge of how the brain processes information, and will help to understand neurological deficits that occur with brain diseases.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01EY007492-16
Application #
6624311
Study Section
Visual Sciences B Study Section (VISB)
Program Officer
Oberdorfer, Michael
Project Start
1987-09-01
Project End
2007-02-28
Budget Start
2003-03-01
Budget End
2004-02-29
Support Year
16
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$400,000
Indirect Cost
Name
California Institute of Technology
Department
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
009584210
City
Pasadena
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
91125
Christopoulos, Vassilios N; Kagan, Igor; Andersen, Richard A (2018) Lateral intraparietal area (LIP) is largely effector-specific in free-choice decisions. Sci Rep 8:8611
Graf, Arnulf B A; Andersen, Richard A (2015) Predicting oculomotor behaviour from correlated populations of posterior parietal neurons. Nat Commun 6:6024
Stetson, Chess; Andersen, Richard A (2015) Early planning activity in frontal and parietal cortex in a simplified task. J Neurophysiol 113:3915-22
Christopoulos, Vassilios; Bonaiuto, James; Andersen, Richard A (2015) A biologically plausible computational theory for value integration and action selection in decisions with competing alternatives. PLoS Comput Biol 11:e1004104
Andersen, Richard A; Andersen, Kristen N; Hwang, Eun Jung et al. (2014) Optic ataxia: from Balint's syndrome to the parietal reach region. Neuron 81:967-983
Andersen, Richard A; Kellis, Spencer; Klaes, Christian et al. (2014) Toward more versatile and intuitive cortical brain-machine interfaces. Curr Biol 24:R885-R897
Stetson, Chess; Andersen, Richard A (2014) The parietal reach region selectively anti-synchronizes with dorsal premotor cortex during planning. J Neurosci 34:11948-58
Hwang, Eun Jung; Hauschild, Markus; Wilke, Melanie et al. (2014) Spatial and temporal eye-hand coordination relies on the parietal reach region. J Neurosci 34:12884-92
Graf, Arnulf Ba; Andersen, Richard A (2014) Inferring eye position from populations of lateral intraparietal neurons. Elife 3:e02813
Graf, Arnulf B A; Andersen, Richard A (2014) Brain-machine interface for eye movements. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:17630-5

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