Advances in neonatal care have led to increased survival of even the tiniest infants who have been born before term (9 months). Prematurity has long term consequences for health, vision and retinal function. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an active disease in early infancy and, in view of the improved neonatal care, puts an increasing number of infants in jeopardy of lifelong eye problems including poor vision and refractive errors such as high myopia. It has been estimated that the number of ?blind years? for which a preterm infant is destined may equal that encountered by adults with some of the most common eye problems. A team of experienced investigators with complementary expertise present a proposal for non-invasive studies in children with a history of prematurity, with or without ROP, to fill gaps in knowledge about vision, retinal function, and refractive error. The studies, organized into four Specific Aims, are designed to test hypotheses about ROP rod photoreceptor signals to post receptor retinal neurons (Aim 1), the structure to function relationships in the central retina that includes the fovea and mediates some of the most important visual functions (Aim 2); and the role of retinal and choroidal parameters as determinants of eye size and refractive error (Aim 3). These experiments follow a cross-sectional design with subjects (aged 10 to 20 years) stratified by ROP severity (Aims 1 and 2) or grouped by myopia or emmetropia (Aim 3). A longitudinal study (Aim 4) of infants with a history of severe posterior ROP will compare visual, refractive and retinal development in those treated using an intra-vitreal anti-VEGF agent to those treated using laser ablation of the peripheral retina. The long term objectives are to achieve new understanding of the ROP disease process and its aftermath including visual impairment and high refractive error, particularly high myopia.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of visual impairment in children worldwide; many ROP patients are at risk for life-long poor vision. We use tests of retinal function and structure to identify mechanisms that control the visual development in patients with a history of preterm birth, with and without ROP. Our research will lead to new insights about vision and refractive development that will lead to improved management and treatment of these patients.
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| Hansen, Ronald M; Moskowitz, Anne; Akula, James D et al. (2017) The neural retina in retinopathy of prematurity. Prog Retin Eye Res 56:32-57 |
| Ramamirtham, Ramkumar; Akula, James D; Soni, Garima et al. (2016) Extrafoveal Cone Packing in Eyes With a History of Retinopathy of Prematurity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 57:467-75 |
| Moskowitz, Anne; Hansen, Ronald M; Fulton, Anne B (2016) Retinal, visual, and refractive development in retinopathy of prematurity. Eye Brain 8:103-111 |
| Hansen, Ronald M; Moskowitz, Anne; Bush, Jennifer N et al. (2016) Increment Threshold Functions in Retinopathy of Prematurity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 57:2421-7 |
| Hansen, Ronald M; Moskowitz, Anne; Tavormina, Jena L et al. (2015) Temporal summation in children with a history of retinopathy of prematurity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 56:914-7 |
| Munro, Robert J; Fulton, Anne B; Chui, Toco Y P et al. (2015) Eye growth in term- and preterm-born eyes modeled from magnetic resonance images. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 56:3121-31 |
| Hansen, Ronald M; Tavormina, Jena L; Moskowitz, Anne et al. (2014) Effect of retinopathy of prematurity on scotopic spatial summation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55:3311-3 |
| Raghuram, Aparna; Hansen, Ronald M; Moskowitz, Anne et al. (2013) Photoreceptor and postreceptor responses in congenital stationary night blindness. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 54:4648-58 |
| Hammer, Daniel X; Ferguson, R Daniel; Mujat, Mircea et al. (2012) Multimodal adaptive optics retinal imager: design and performance. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 29:2598-607 |
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