The aim of this project is to understand the three-dimensional shape perception of patterned surfaces. Extra-striate cortex includes many neurons that are selective to 3-D surface orientation defined by texture cues, but there are no feasible models of neural connections that build such receptive fields. We have shown that to extract 3-D shape from texture, assumptions of texture homogeneity and estimates of texture gradients are not needed. Instead, surface curvature/orientation estimates are provided by orientation flows, and depth estimates by frequency flows. These flows predict both correct perceptions and misperceptions. Since V1 neurons are selective for orientation and frequency, we will build models that combine their outputs to extract orientation and frequency flows for identifying distinct shape features. Experiments will specify the temporal and spatial properties of the neural mechanisms. We will use new types of diagnostic stimuli, without cue conflict, to examine the manner in which motion and texture cues interact in 3-D perception, and whether motion contributes to the perception of intrinsic curvature or just to relative depth. We will analyze shading patterns on naturalistic textured objects in terms of orientation flows and frequency gradients. We will see how these aspects of shading interact in 3-D perception, with orientation and frequency information from textures. We will examine how texture and silhouette cues interact to explain some motion and shape illusions with real 3-D solids. We will test whether neural mechanisms for shape-from texture are hard-wired or can be altered by experience, by using haptic feedback to correct misperceptions from texture cues. This study will show how simple neural connections lead to complex 3-D percepts. These results will be useful both in understanding the causes of neurological deficits in shape perception, and in building artificial visual aids for patients with such deficits. ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01EY013312-07
Application #
7266849
Study Section
Central Visual Processing Study Section (CVP)
Program Officer
Oberdorfer, Michael
Project Start
2001-03-01
Project End
2010-07-31
Budget Start
2007-08-01
Budget End
2008-07-31
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$301,661
Indirect Cost
Name
State College of Optometry
Department
Ophthalmology
Type
Schools of Optometry/Ophthalmol
DUNS #
152652764
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10036
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