Alterations in corneal innervation result in impaired corneal sensation, severe dry eye and damage to the epithelium that may in turn lead to corneal ulcers, melting and perforation. These alterations frequently occur after refractive surgery, cornea transplant, herpetic infection, chemical burns, keratoconus, multiple sclerosis, Sjogren?s syndrome, aging and diabetes mellitus. Although there are treatments to alleviate severe dry eye, there are no therapies to compensate for the loss of innervation. This research project builds upon our finding that pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) plus the w-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or the docosanoid derivative neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1) stimulate nerve regeneration after corneal surgery that damages the stromal nerves. We have recently found that: 1) corneas stimulated with PEDF+DHA also synthesize other docosanoids, one of them identified as resolvin D6 (RvD6); 2) treatment with PEDF results in activation of a calcium independent phospholipase A2? (iPLA2?); and 3) treatment also stimulates the gene expression in the cornea of neurotrophins and Semaphorin 7A (SEMA7A), which are secreted into tears, and neuropeptides in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) of a mouse model. Our objective will be to define the cascade of molecular events that conduct the corneal nerve regeneration stimulated by PEDF+DHA. Our central hypothesis is that PEDF+DHA, through specific docosanoids, activates selective gene programs and modulates the inflammatory response that in turn, induces the nerve regeneration that leads to preservation of corneal integrity. We will employ: 1) PEDF-receptor (PEDF-R) knockout (KO) mice and in vivo models of corneal injury relevant to the clinical setting; 2) microfluidic chambers for co-culture of TG neurons and corneal epithelial cells to define the molecular mechanism of neurite outgrowth; 3) LC-tandem mass spectrometry lipidomic analysis to identify and quantify the incorporation of DHA in membrane phosphatidylcholine molecular species and DHA-derivatives NPD1, RvD6 and other docosanoids; 4) flow cytometry and our immunostaining assays to determine content of lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages and neutrophils; 5) immunostaining to quantify corneal nerves; 6) behavioral measurements of ocular sensation to assess the functionality of the regenerated nerves; and 7) molecular biology techniques, including gene editing to study the role of the different genes involved in the signaling of nerve regeneration activated by PEDF+DHA and docosanoids. The proposed studies target new molecular mechanisms to understand and treat complications due to corneal nerve damage. Our innovative approach will define agents for neurotrophic keratitis and dry eye after refractive surgery.

Public Health Relevance

The research proposed in this project focuses on understanding the molecular cascade of events that stimulates corneal nerve regeneration and function after damage by surgery procedures and decreasing the incidence of complications by providing an understanding of the role played by pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the synthesis of novel lipid derivatives, stimulation of specific genes, and regulation of the inflammatory response after injury. Our innovative approach will define potential therapeutic agents for neurotrophic keratitis and dry eye, both of which are consequences of nerve damage.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01EY019465-10
Application #
9903357
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Mckie, George Ann
Project Start
2009-04-01
Project End
2022-03-31
Budget Start
2020-04-01
Budget End
2021-03-31
Support Year
10
Fiscal Year
2020
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Louisiana State Univ Hsc New Orleans
Department
Neurosciences
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
782627814
City
New Orleans
State
LA
Country
United States
Zip Code
70112
He, Jiucheng; Cosby, Richard; Hill, James M et al. (2017) Changes in Corneal Innervation after HSV-1 Latency Established with Different Reactivation Phenotypes. Curr Eye Res 42:181-186
He, Jiucheng; Neumann, Donna; Kakazu, Azucena et al. (2017) PEDF plus DHA modulate inflammation and stimulate nerve regeneration after HSV-1 infection. Exp Eye Res 161:153-162
Pham, Thang Luong; He, Jiucheng; Kakazu, Azucena H et al. (2017) Defining a mechanistic link between pigment epithelium-derived factor, docosahexaenoic acid, and corneal nerve regeneration. J Biol Chem 292:18486-18499
He, Jiucheng; Pham, Thang Luong; Kakazu, Azucena et al. (2017) Recovery of Corneal Sensitivity and Increase in Nerve Density and Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice After PEDF Plus DHA Treatment. Diabetes 66:2511-2520
He, Jiucheng; Bazan, Haydee E P (2016) Neuroanatomy and Neurochemistry of Mouse Cornea. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 57:664-74
He, Jiucheng; Cortina, M Soledad; Kakazu, Azucena et al. (2015) The PEDF Neuroprotective Domain Plus DHA Induces Corneal Nerve Regeneration After Experimental Surgery. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 56:3505-13
He, Jiucheng; Bazan, Haydee E P (2015) Morphology and neurochemistry of rabbit iris innervation. Exp Eye Res 135:182-91
Cortina, Maria Soledad; He, Jiucheng; Russ, Tiffany et al. (2013) Neuroprotectin D1 restores corneal nerve integrity and function after damage from experimental surgery. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 54:4109-16
Kenchegowda, S; He, J; Bazan, H E P (2013) Involvement of pigment epithelium-derived factor, docosahexaenoic acid and neuroprotectin D1 in corneal inflammation and nerve integrity after refractive surgery. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 88:27-31
He, Jiucheng; Bazan, Haydee E P (2013) Corneal nerve architecture in a donor with unilateral epithelial basement membrane dystrophy. Ophthalmic Res 49:185-91

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