The goal of the proposed experiments is to address two broad questions. How do non-muscle tissue cells regulate the contractile forces they exert on each other and on the extracellular matrices in which they are embedded? To what extent and how can these cells sense external forces exerted on them and respond biochemically and mechanically. Six goals are proposed : (1) to determine the contribution of different signaling pathways to the activation of myosin and the exertion of contractile force; (2) to determine how myosin activation results from disruption of the microtubule network; (3) to determine the pathway by which phospholipase C delta1 contributes to generation of contractile force in fibroblasts; (4) to determine the roles of selected actin filament capping proteins in controlling the stiffness of the actin cytoskeleton; (5) to determine how adhesion to the ECM contributes to development of tissues and the exertion of force; and (6) to determine whether the exertion of force on cells via integrin-ligand interactions has important regulatory functions.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM038838-12
Application #
2900659
Study Section
Cellular Biology and Physiology Subcommittee 1 (CBY)
Project Start
1987-07-01
Project End
2002-03-31
Budget Start
1999-04-01
Budget End
2000-03-31
Support Year
12
Fiscal Year
1999
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Washington University
Department
Biochemistry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
062761671
City
Saint Louis
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
63130
Nekouzadeh, Ali; Pryse, Kenneth M; Elson, Elliot L et al. (2008) Stretch-activated force shedding, force recovery, and cytoskeletal remodeling in contractile fibroblasts. J Biomech 41:2964-71
Nekouzadeh, Ali; Pryse, Kenneth M; Elson, Elliot L et al. (2007) A simplified approach to quasi-linear viscoelastic modeling. J Biomech 40:3070-8
Pablo Marquez, J; Genin, Guy M; Elson, Elliot L (2006) On the application of strain factors for approximation of the contribution of anisotropic cells to the mechanics of a tissue construct. J Biomech 39:2145-51
Marquez, J Pablo; Genin, Guy M; Pryse, Kenneth M et al. (2006) Cellular and matrix contributions to tissue construct stiffness increase with cellular concentration. Ann Biomed Eng 34:1475-82
Chattopadhyay, Krishnananda; Elson, Elliot L; Frieden, Carl (2005) The kinetics of conformational fluctuations in an unfolded protein measured by fluorescence methods. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:2385-9
Chattopadhyay, Krishnananda; Saffarian, Saveez; Elson, Elliot L et al. (2005) Measuring unfolding of proteins in the presence of denaturant using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Biophys J 88:1413-22
Marquez, J Pablo; Genin, Guy M; Zahalak, George I et al. (2005) Thin bio-artificial tissues in plane stress: the relationship between cell and tissue strain, and an improved constitutive model. Biophys J 88:765-77
Emmert, Daniel A; Fee, Judy A; Goeckeler, Zoe M et al. (2004) Rho-kinase-mediated Ca2+-independent contraction in rat embryo fibroblasts. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 286:C8-21
Saffarian, Saveez; Collier, Ivan E; Marmer, Barry L et al. (2004) Interstitial collagenase is a Brownian ratchet driven by proteolysis of collagen. Science 306:108-11
Wakatsuki, T; Fee, J A; Elson, E L (2004) Phenotypic screening for pharmaceuticals using tissue constructs. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 5:181-9

Showing the most recent 10 out of 41 publications