Insects have low pressure circulatory systems and require diuretic hormones (DH) to control rate of urine production by Malpighian tubules. There are 13 similar DH related to CRF, but with far more diverse structures than the CRF superfamily. It has become apparent during this project that many species have two DH which are related but belong to sub-families of paralogues. We plan to continue investigating to continue investigating what appears to be two members of this family of DH in the disease vector Rhodnius prolixus. The kinins are another family of small peptides that control diuresis. They share rather conserved C-terminal pentapeptide motif and have been found to have synergistic effects with the CRF-like DH in several species of insect. We propose to identify kinins from R. prolixus and Manduca sexta; these insects represent species with disparate dietary habits, the former being an obligate blood feeder and the latter being phytophagous. We plan to study the interactions of these peptides on Malpighian tubules of the two species and their molecular mode of action. The kinins are another family of small peptides that control diuresis. They share a rather conserved C-terminal pentapeptide motif and have been found to synergistic effects with the CRF-like DH in several species of insect. We propose to identify kinins from R. prolixus and Manduca sexta; these insects represent species with disparate dietary habits, the former being an obligate blood feeder and the latter being phytophagous. We plan to study the interaction of this obligate blood feeder and the latter being phytophagous. We plan to study the interactions of these peptides on Malpighian tubules of the two species and their molecular mode of action. During the prior grant period a particularly novel DH was identified from a cockroach, Diploptera punctata, along with a CRF-like DH. This new DH proved to be structurally and functionally related to calcitonin in vertebrates. The peptide (Dippu-DH31) and the CRF-like DH from the same species have strongly synergistic effects. Due to the high potency of this peptide on related species have strongly synergistic effects. Due to the high potency of this peptide on related species of insects, it may well constitute an additional important family of DH. The existence of homologues of this DH will be investigated in other species, including R. prolixus. Studies of the effects of such peptides on the target tissue will be pursued at the molecular level. It is probable that M. sexta has at least 2 receptors for its 2CRF-like DH; one receptor has been identified and efforts to characterize other receptors will be pursued. The ligand binding site on the identified receptor will be approached by protein cross-linking and molecular biological approaches.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM048172-11
Application #
6653247
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-TMP (01))
Program Officer
Shapiro, Bert I
Project Start
1992-09-30
Project End
2006-08-31
Budget Start
2003-09-01
Budget End
2006-08-31
Support Year
11
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$224,246
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Nevada Reno
Department
Biochemistry
Type
Schools of Earth Sciences/Natur
DUNS #
146515460
City
Reno
State
NV
Country
United States
Zip Code
89557
Hull, J Joe; Copley, Kathrin S; Schegg, Kathleen M et al. (2009) De novo molecular modeling and biophysical characterization of Manduca sexta eclosion hormone. Biochemistry 48:9047-60
Coast, Geoffrey M; Garside, Christopher S (2005) Neuropeptide control of fluid balance in insects. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1040:1-8
Kwok, Rodney; Chung, Doreen; Brugge, Victoria Te et al. (2005) The distribution and activity of tachykinin-related peptides in the blood-feeding bug, Rhodnius prolixus. Peptides 26:43-51
Te Brugge, V A; Lombardi, V C; Schooley, D A et al. (2005) Presence and activity of a Dippu-DH31-like peptide in the blood-feeding bug, Rhodnius prolixus. Peptides 26:29-42
Coast, Geoffrey M; Garside, Christopher S; Webster, Simon G et al. (2005) Mosquito natriuretic peptide identified as a calcitonin-like diuretic hormone in Anopheles gambiae (Giles). J Exp Biol 208:3281-91
Lombardi, Vincent C; Schooley, David A (2004) A method for selective conjugation of an analyte to enzymes without unwanted enzyme-enzyme cross-linking. Anal Biochem 331:40-5
Coast, Geoffrey M (2004) Continuous recording of excretory water loss from Musca domestica using a flow-through humidity meter: hormonal control of diuresis. J Insect Physiol 50:455-68
Sarkar, Nikki R S; Tobe, Stephen S; Orchard, Ian (2003) The distribution and effects of Dippu-allatostatin-like peptides in the blood-feeding bug, Rhodnius prolixus. Peptides 24:1553-62
Eigenheer, Richard A; Wiehart, Ursula M; Nicolson, Susan W et al. (2003) Isolation, identification and localization of a second beetle antidiuretic peptide. Peptides 24:27-34
Te Brugge, V A; Orchard, I (2002) Evidence for CRF-like and kinin-like peptides as neurohormones in the blood-feeding bug, Rhodnius prolixus. Peptides 23:1967-79

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