In this proposal, we request 5 years of continued funding to extend our findings on the contextual processes associated with academic competence, social competence, and psychological adjustment among rural African American youths from predominantly single-parent households. We propose to extend this work in a programmatic manner by collecting four additional waves of data, enabling us to address unanswered questions concerning the mechanisms that promote competence among rural African American youths as they move through adolescence and high school. By working closely with members of the communities in which the participants reside, we have retained 93 percent of the 170 families originally recruited in 1993 when this project was funded. The participating families live in small towns and communities in rural Georgia in which poverty rates are among the highest in the nation and unemployment rates are above the national average. Although 75 percent of the mothers in this sample are employed, 68 percent of the families live below federal poverty standards and the remaining 32 percent live within 150 percent of the poverty threshold. Many of these families thus live under conditions of severe, chronic environmental risks that have the potential to take a toll on their children. These children, however, demonstrate great resilience, maturing into healthy, competent youths despite the stressors with which they live. Our research program has been geared toward identification of the normative family processes that are linked with these children's development of competence. In the proposed continuation, we will continue to focus on the identification of normative family processes, including extended family care giving relationships, that forecast these children's development of competence. We will also examine the contributions that friendships, classroom processes, and the contextual stressor of racism make to youth development. To examine the study hypotheses, we propose a longitudinal, multi-informant design that includes reports from mothers and extended family caregivers, the youths, their friends, and their teachers. At each wave of data collection, home visits will be made to the participating families and to two friends of each participating target youth. Three teachers of each youth will report on their classroom practices.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01HD030588-10
Application #
6547392
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-RPHB-2 (03))
Program Officer
Maholmes, Valerie
Project Start
2002-07-15
Project End
2007-03-31
Budget Start
2002-07-15
Budget End
2003-03-31
Support Year
10
Fiscal Year
2002
Total Cost
$371,221
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Georgia
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Other Domestic Higher Education
DUNS #
City
Athens
State
GA
Country
United States
Zip Code
30602
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Holmes, Christopher J; Barton, Allen W; MacKillop, James et al. (2018) Parenting and Salience Network Connectivity Among African Americans: A Protective Pathway for Health-Risk Behaviors. Biol Psychiatry 84:365-371
Chen, Edith; Yu, Tianyi; Miller, Gregory E et al. (2018) Substance Use and Obesity Trajectories in African Americans Entering Adulthood. Am J Prev Med 55:856-863
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Barton, Allen W; Brody, Gene H; Zapolski, Tamika C B et al. (2018) Trajectory classes of cannabis use and heavy drinking among rural African American adolescents: multi-level predictors of class membership. Addiction 113:1439-1449
Brody, Gene H; Yu, Tianyi; Miller, Gregory E et al. (2018) John Henryism Coping and Metabolic Syndrome Among Young Black Adults. Psychosom Med 80:216-221
Brody, Gene H; Yu, Tianyi; Chen, Edith et al. (2018) Racial discrimination, body mass index, and insulin resistance: A longitudinal analysis. Health Psychol 37:1107-1114
Chen, E; Miller, G E; Yu, T et al. (2018) Unsupportive parenting moderates the effects of family psychosocial intervention on metabolic syndrome in African American youth. Int J Obes (Lond) 42:634-640
Beach, Steven R H; Lei, Man Kit; Brody, Gene H et al. (2017) Smoking in young adulthood among African Americans: Interconnected effects of supportive parenting in early adolescence, proinflammatory epitype, and young adult stress. Dev Psychopathol 29:957-969
Beach, Steven R H; Lei, Man Kit; Simons, Ronald L et al. (2017) When inflammation and depression go together: The longitudinal effects of parent-child relationships. Dev Psychopathol 29:1969-1986

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