Today, a comprehensive list of risk factors for physical and psychological morbidity must include a behavioral element that has origins, at least for some individuals, early in development. Early social trauma(s) and challenges(s) affect the developing individual in many ways (e.g., behaviorally and physiologically). As the incidence of HIV infection rises in adolescent populations, particularly those with numerous childhood traumas, an understanding of the impact of these events on viral and disease resistance becomes increasingly more consequential. Separations from mother are significant events that occur frequently during development. The extent to which these separation experiences affect subsequent mother-infant relationships is important in determining etiology of any long term consequences for biobehavioral development. The present project evaluates: 1) changes in the mother-infant relationship subsequent to maternal separation experiences; 2) altered behavioral responses to novel situations that might be related to separation history; 3) long term induction of enhanced lysis tumor targets by periphal blood lymphocytes following a separation experience; 4) changes in patterns of lymphocyte cytokine production and release that contribute to the enhanced natural cytotoxicity, and most importantly; 5) evaluation of relative risk for progression of disease following inoculation with SIVsmE660 based on early development history. The nature of these changes in immune parameters observed after single brief early maternal separation experiences (e.g., enhanced natural cytotoxicity and reduced antibody responses) do not lend themselves to obvious predictions regarding disease risk. These changes can be reconciled with themselves but they potentially predict both enhanced and reduced viral resistance. One approach for resolving this dilemma is an empirical test via direct challenge such as proposed herein. Regardless of outcome, the role of early development is lacking in most models applied to AIDS research, and as such this application seeks to provide that context.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH037373-16
Application #
2890306
Study Section
Psychobiological, Biological, and Neurosciences Subcommittee (MHAI)
Program Officer
Altman, Fred
Project Start
1986-12-01
Project End
2001-01-31
Budget Start
1999-05-01
Budget End
2001-01-31
Support Year
16
Fiscal Year
1999
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Colorado Denver
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
065391526
City
Aurora
State
CO
Country
United States
Zip Code
80045
Laudenslager, Mark L (2014) ""Anatomy of an Illness"": control from a caregiver's perspective. Brain Behav Immun 36:1-8
Laudenslager, Mark L; Natvig, Crystal; Cantwell, Holly et al. (2010) Estimates of milk constituents from lactating bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata) mothers between two and seven months post-partum. J Med Primatol 39:368-73
Neu, Madalynn; Laudenslager, Mark L; Robinson, JoAnn (2009) Coregulation in salivary cortisol during maternal holding of premature infants. Biol Res Nurs 10:226-40
Segerstrom, Suzanne C; Laudenslager, Mark L (2009) When is enough measurement, enough? Generalizability of primate immunity over time. Brain Behav Immun 23:986-92
Coe, Christopher L; Laudenslager, Mark L (2007) Psychosocial influences on immunity, including effects on immune maturation and senescence. Brain Behav Immun 21:1000-8
Neu, Madalynn; Goldstein, Mark; Gao, Dexiang et al. (2007) Salivary cortisol in preterm infants: Validation of a simple method for collecting saliva for cortisol determination. Early Hum Dev 83:47-54
Kessler, Matthew J; Berard, John D; Rawlins, Richard G et al. (2006) Tetanus antibody titers and duration of immunity to clinical tetanus infections in free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Am J Primatol 68:725-31
Gozansky, W S; Lynn, J S; Laudenslager, M L et al. (2005) Salivary cortisol determined by enzyme immunoassay is preferable to serum total cortisol for assessment of dynamic hypothalamic--pituitary--adrenal axis activity. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 63:336-41
Fleshner, Monika; Laudenslager, Mark L (2004) Psychoneuroimmunology: then and now. Behav Cogn Neurosci Rev 3:114-30
Weaver, Ann; Richardson, Rebecca; Worlein, Julie et al. (2004) Response to social challenge in young bonnet (Macaca radiata) and pigtail (Macaca nemestrina) macaques is related to early maternal experiences. Am J Primatol 62:243-59

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