In our previously funded grant we studied the roles of the PI and the Wnt signaling pathways in patients with mood disorders (MD). We found that 5HT2A receptors were increased in the platelets of suicidal patients and patients with MD, PKC isozymes and activity were decreased in patients with bipolar illness, and protein and mRNA expression of BDNF was significantly decreased in the platelets and lymphocytes of patients with MD. Some of these findings need further investigation, especially the physiological significance of decreased BDNF in these patients. During the previous funding period we collected platelets, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and plasma from 40 well-characterized drug-free patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), 40 bipolar manic or mixed (BPM), 40 normal control subjects and from 19 bipolar depressed (BPD) patients. We now propose to study primarily the physiological consequences and the reasons for decreased BDNF in these patients. The physiological effects of BDNF are primarily mediated by PLC, the MAP kinase, and the PI 3-kinase pathways. An abnormal HPA function in depression is one of the most consistent findings in biological psychiatry. HPA function, on the other hand, is also regulated by inflammatory cytokines. Briefly, the specific aims of our proposed studies are as follows.
Specific Aim 1. We will determine the protein and mRNA expression of ERK-1, ERK-2, MEK-1, MEK-2, and Ras in the neutrophils of drug-free patients with MD.
Specific Aim 2. We will determine the protein and mRNA expression of components of the PI 3-kinase pathway, including PI 3-kinase subunits, and Akt isoforms in the platelets of patients with MD.
Specific Aim 3. We will determine the protein and mRNA expression of the glucocorticoid receptors GR and MR and the transcription factors GRE and NF:B in the neutrophils and lymphocytes of patients with MD.
Specific Aim 4. We will determine the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely, IL-12, IL-6, TNF1, CD 40-L and tissue factor, in the plasma of patients with MD.
Specific Aim 5. We will examine if the abnormalities in any of the proposed measures are state or trait markers.
Specific Aim 6. We will examine the relationship of the proposed markers to dexamethasone suppression test (DST).These studies will test the hypothesis that the functional consequences of the observed decrease in BDNF in MD are related to altered BDNF signaling through the MAP kinase and the PI 3-kinase pathways;and the observed abnormalities of HPA function in depression are related to changes in the feedback mechanism due to alterations of glucocorticoid receptors. Mood disorders are a major public health concern and there is a need for a better understanding not only of the pathophysiology of MD but also the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. The proposed research will not only enhance our understanding of the biological abnormalities associated with MD, but may also result in the identification of potentially useful biomarkers for depression and bipolar illness and the detection of more appropriate sites for developing better therapeutic agents for depression and bipolar illness.

Public Health Relevance

The mood disorders (MD) are a major public health concern. The pathophysiological abnormalities associated with these disorders are unclear but it is hypothesized that they may be related to abnormalities in monoamine receptors and their second messengers. Abnormalities of BDNF and HPA axis have been observed in patients with MD. This research will investigate BDNF-mediated signaling pathways and mechanisms of HPA dysfunction.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH056528-13
Application #
8441605
Study Section
Neural Basis of Psychopathology, Addictions and Sleep Disorders Study Section (NPAS)
Program Officer
Meinecke, Douglas L
Project Start
1998-03-01
Project End
2015-02-28
Budget Start
2013-03-01
Budget End
2014-02-28
Support Year
13
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$268,583
Indirect Cost
$97,511
Name
University of Illinois at Chicago
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
098987217
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60612
Rizavi, Hooriyah S; Ren, Xinguo; Zhang, Hui et al. (2016) Abnormal gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and their membrane-bound receptors in the lymphocytes of depressed patients. Psychiatry Res 240:314-320
Pandey, Ghanshyam N; Ren, Xinguo; Rizavi, Hooriyah S et al. (2015) Proinflammatory cytokines and their membrane-bound receptors are altered in the lymphocytes of schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Res 164:193-8
Pandey, Ghanshyam N; Ren, Xinguo; Rizavi, Hooriyah S et al. (2015) Abnormal gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors in the lymphocytes of patients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 17:636-44
Pandey, Ghanshyam N (2015) Cytokines as Suicide Risk Biomarkers. Biol Psychiatry 78:5-6
Ren, Xinguo; Rizavi, Hooriyah S; Khan, Mansoor A et al. (2014) Alteration of cyclic-AMP response element binding protein in the postmortem brain of subjects with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. J Affect Disord 152-154:326-33
McNamara, Robert K; Jandacek, Ronald; Tso, Patrick et al. (2013) Lower docosahexaenoic acid concentrations in the postmortem prefrontal cortex of adult depressed suicide victims compared with controls without cardiovascular disease. J Psychiatr Res 47:1187-91
Pandey, Ghanshyam N (2013) Biological basis of suicide and suicidal behavior. Bipolar Disord 15:524-41
Pandey, Ghanshyam N; Rizavi, Hooriyah S; Ren, Xinguo et al. (2013) Region-specific alterations in glucocorticoid receptor expression in the postmortem brain of teenage suicide victims. Psychoneuroendocrinology 38:2628-39
Dwivedi, Yogesh; Pandey, Ghanshyam N (2011) Elucidating biological risk factors in suicide: role of protein kinase A. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 35:831-41
Ren, Xinguo; Dwivedi, Yogesh; Mondal, Amal C et al. (2011) Cyclic-AMP response element binding protein (CREB) in the neutrophils of depressed patients. Psychiatry Res 185:108-12

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