Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is rising at an alarming rate. Of particular concern is the prevalence of multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa), for which all available first-line antibiotics are ineffective. The rate of new drug development is unlikely to keep pace with the increase in multidrug resistance. Consequently, there is a dire need for alternative effective treatment strategies. More toxic agents (e.g., polymyxin B) are used clinically as a last resort. However, formulations of polymyxin B approved for clinical use are available as an unspecified mixture of several structurally related components (e.g., polymyxin B1, B2, B3, etc.);no information is available on the pharmacology and toxicity of individual components. Our long-term goal is to improve the clinical use of polymyxin B to combat the emergence of resistance. The objective of this application is to investigate the pharmacological and toxicity profiles of each of the major polymyxin B component in commercial formulations. If we understand the properties of each of the major polymyxin B component, an improved formulation and / or effective dosing regimens could be developed rationally to provide maximal bacterial killing and minimal drug-induced toxicity. We plan to accomplish the objective of the application by comparing various polymyxin B components with respect to the following: (1) in-vitro and in-vivo potency against clinical multidrug resistant P. aeruginosa;(2) in- vitro and in-vivo nephrotoxicity profiles;and (3) pharmacokinetics in 2 animal infection models. It is our expectation that much-needed information will be generated to improve the treatment of multidrug resistant Gram-negative infections.

Public Health Relevance

As the prevalence of multidrug resistant bacteria increases, many available antibiotics are no longer effective. New effective agents are unlikely to be available in time to solve this crisis. It is critical that we develop alternative treatment strategy and maximize the therapeutic potential of existing agents (e.g., polymyxin B) for multidrug resistant infections. Otherwise, we are at risk of returning to the pre-antibiotic era in the not too distant future.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Academic Research Enhancement Awards (AREA) (R15)
Project #
1R15AI089671-01
Application #
7940442
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-IDM-A (52))
Program Officer
Taylor, Christopher E,
Project Start
2010-03-29
Project End
2013-09-28
Budget Start
2010-03-29
Budget End
2013-09-28
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$450,000
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Houston
Department
Administration
Type
Schools of Pharmacy
DUNS #
036837920
City
Houston
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
77204
Alipour, Nader; Karagoz, Alper; Taner, Abbas et al. (2017) Outbreak of Hospital Infection from Biofilm-embedded Pan Drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Due to a Contaminated Bronchoscope. J Prev Med (Wilmington) 2:
Abodakpi, Henrietta; Gohlke, Jie; Chang, Kai-Tai et al. (2015) Analytical and functional determination of polymyxin B protein binding in serum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 59:7121-3
Phe, Kady; Lee, Yuman; McDaneld, Patrick M et al. (2014) In vitro assessment and multicenter cohort study of comparative nephrotoxicity rates associated with colistimethate versus polymyxin B therapy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 58:2740-6
Abdelraouf, Kamilia; Chang, Kai-Tai; Yin, Taijun et al. (2014) Uptake of polymyxin B into renal cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 58:4200-2
He, Jie; Abdelraouf, Kamilia; Ledesma, Kimberly R et al. (2013) Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of liposomal polymyxin B in a murine pneumonia model. Int J Antimicrob Agents 42:559-64
He, Jie; Gao, Song; Hu, Ming et al. (2013) A validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of polymyxin B in mouse serum and epithelial lining fluid: application to pharmacokinetic studies. J Antimicrob Chemother 68:1104-10
Abdelraouf, Kamilia; Braggs, Kirk H; Yin, Taijun et al. (2012) Characterization of polymyxin B-induced nephrotoxicity: implications for dosing regimen design. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 56:4625-9
Abdelraouf, Kamilia; He, Jie; Ledesma, Kimberly R et al. (2012) Pharmacokinetics and renal disposition of polymyxin B in an animal model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 56:5724-7
Salvatore, Christine M; Abdelraouf, Kamilia; Hsing, Deyin D et al. (2011) Pharmacokinetics of polymyxin B in an infant with multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia. Pediatr Infect Dis J 30:537-9
Kwa, Andrea L H; Abdelraouf, Kamilia; Low, Jenny G H et al. (2011) Pharmacokinetics of polymyxin B in a patient with renal insufficiency: a case report. Clin Infect Dis 52:1280-1

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