The long-term goal of the project is to determine the mechanism and regulation of ciliary and flagellar motility. The focus is on the regulation of dynein by phosphorylation. Much is know about general role of dyneins in powering microtubule sliding, however, little is known about localized control of dynein activity required for control of bending. The work proposed takes advantage of genetics and functional studies using Chlamydomonos, and focuses on one flagellar dynein, inner arm dynein II and its regulatory intermediate chain 1C 138, which plays a central role in control of flagellar waveform. The work also focuses on a network of kinases, including PKA and CK.1, built into the axoneme for control of motility.
The specific aims are: [1] Determine how phosphorylation of 1C 138 regulates dynein motor activity, using several in vitro motility assays to define the mechanochemistry and control of II. [2] Identify regulatory domains in IC138, taking advantage of Chlamydomonas mutant strains bop5 and mia2, defective in IC138 or the phosphorylationof 1C 138. [3] Define the axonemal machinerythat anchors PKA and CK.1 in position to control of IC138 phosphorylation and control of dynein-driven microtubule sliding. The focus is on the axonemal A-kinase anchoring protein (AXAP);radial spoke protein 3 (RSP3). The experiments address central questions of the physiology of ciliary and flagellar dynein, important in humans for normal embryonic development, male and female reproduction and epithelial physiology. Moreover, the results may reveal an asymmetry in organization of axonemal kinases that is fundamental to localized control of dynein activity and, ultimately, control of axonemal bend formation. The results also address a general model for the regulationof the dynein motors, responsible for several vital cell functions involving directed cytoplasmic transport and organelle assembly, and the role of kinases, and kinase anchoring proteins includingAKAPs, for control of movement.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT) Award (R37)
Project #
5R37GM051173-26
Application #
7797353
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (NSS)
Program Officer
Gindhart, Joseph G
Project Start
1985-07-01
Project End
2012-03-31
Budget Start
2010-04-01
Budget End
2011-03-31
Support Year
26
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$378,675
Indirect Cost
Name
Emory University
Department
Anatomy/Cell Biology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
066469933
City
Atlanta
State
GA
Country
United States
Zip Code
30322
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Hunter, Emily L; Lechtreck, Karl; Fu, Gang et al. (2018) The IDA3 adapter, required for intraflagellar transport of I1 dynein, is regulated by ciliary length. Mol Biol Cell 29:886-896
Alford, Lea M; Stoddard, Daniel; Li, Jennifer H et al. (2016) The nexin link and B-tubule glutamylation maintain the alignment of outer doublets in the ciliary axoneme. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 73:331-40
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Viswanadha, Rasagnya; Hunter, Emily L; Yamamoto, Ryosuke et al. (2014) The ciliary inner dynein arm, I1 dynein, is assembled in the cytoplasm and transported by IFT before axonemal docking. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 71:573-86
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Yamamoto, Ryosuke; Song, Kangkang; Yanagisawa, Haru-Aki et al. (2013) The MIA complex is a conserved and novel dynein regulator essential for normal ciliary motility. J Cell Biol 201:263-78
Bower, Raqual; Tritschler, Douglas; Vanderwaal, Kristyn et al. (2013) The N-DRC forms a conserved biochemical complex that maintains outer doublet alignment and limits microtubule sliding in motile axonemes. Mol Biol Cell 24:1134-52
Wirschell, Maureen; Olbrich, Heike; Werner, Claudius et al. (2013) The nexin-dynein regulatory complex subunit DRC1 is essential for motile cilia function in algae and humans. Nat Genet 45:262-8
VanderWaal, Kristyn E; Yamamoto, Ryosuke; Wakabayashi, Ken-ichi et al. (2011) bop5 Mutations reveal new roles for the IC138 phosphoprotein in the regulation of flagellar motility and asymmetric waveforms. Mol Biol Cell 22:2862-74

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