The long-term goal of this multi-site trial is to reduce the increasing public health problems of need for formal care, hospitalization, and substantial loss of independence in the nation's growing older population. Persons over the age of 65 account for almost half of all days of care in short stay hospitals and constitute the majority of residents of nursing homes. Interventions that can postpone or prevent hospitalization or need for formal care, have much to contribute both to public health and to the quality of life among older people. The goal of this trial is to examine the effects of a cognitive intervention such as reasoning ability or memory training targeted to older adults who are at-risk for loss of independence. Outcome measures will be more proximal such as functional abilities (e.g., ADLs) and associated strongly with hospitalization and need for formal care. The impetus for this trial comes from a) the recent success of different cognitive, or related perceptual, intervention techniques at enhancing some aspects of ability or functioning; b) the increasing evidence that cognitive factors are associated with key public health outcomes such as hospitalization and death; and c) the increasing need to find preventative techniques that successfully maintain the quality of life of the older population. Despite these successes, no clear consensus exists on the likelihood of success of cognitive interventions at reducing the public health problems of hospitalization and need for formal care in the older population. Differences in the interventions, outcome measures, and samples have made generalizations across different findings impossible. This trial seeks to address these problems by testing a common intervention on a well defined population using common outcome measures. The trial will explore whether site-specific variations or specific sample characteristics limit the applicability of previous findings.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
3U01AG014260-05S2
Application #
6458252
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAG1 (O9))
Program Officer
Elias, Jeffrey W
Project Start
1996-09-30
Project End
2002-12-31
Budget Start
2001-07-01
Budget End
2002-12-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2001
Total Cost
$456,260
Indirect Cost
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Other Health Professions
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
045911138
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
Ross, Lesley A; Sprague, Briana N; Phillips, Christine B et al. (2018) The Impact of Three Cognitive Training Interventions on Older Adults' Physical Functioning Across 5 Years. J Aging Health 30:475-498
Tomaszewski Farias, Sarah; Giovannetti, Tania; Payne, Brennan R et al. (2018) Self-perceived Difficulties in Everyday Function Precede Cognitive Decline among Older Adults in the ACTIVE Study. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 24:104-112
Ross, Lesley A; Freed, Sara A; Edwards, Jerri D et al. (2017) The Impact of Three Cognitive Training Programs on Driving Cessation Across 10 Years: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Gerontologist 57:838-846
Meyer, Oanh L; Sisco, Shannon M; Harvey, Danielle et al. (2017) Neighborhood Predictors of Cognitive Training Outcomes and Trajectories in ACTIVE. Res Aging 39:443-467
Parisi, Jeanine M; Gross, Alden L; Marsiske, Michael et al. (2017) Control beliefs and cognition over a 10-year period: Findings from the ACTIVE trial. Psychol Aging 32:69-75
Thomas, Kelsey R; Marsiske, Michael (2017) Age trajectories of everyday cognition in African American and White older adults under prompted and unprompted conditions. Neuropsychol Rehabil 27:522-539
Ross, Lesley A; Edwards, Jerri D; O'Connor, Melissa L et al. (2016) The Transfer of Cognitive Speed of Processing Training to Older Adults' Driving Mobility Across 5 Years. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 71:87-97
Choi, Moon; O'Connor, Melissa L; Mingo, Chivon A et al. (2016) Gender and Racial Disparities in Life-Space Constriction Among Older Adults. Gerontologist 56:1153-1160
Phillips, Christine B; Sprague, Briana N; Freed, Sara A et al. (2016) Longitudinal Associations Between Changes in Physical Function and Driving Mobility Behaviors of Older Adults. Transp Res Rec 2584:70-76
Zahodne, Laura B; Meyer, Oanh L; Choi, Eunhee et al. (2015) External locus of control contributes to racial disparities in memory and reasoning training gains in ACTIVE. Psychol Aging 30:561-72

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