Spinal manipulation is a form of body-based therapy patients often seek for treatment of musculoskeletal complaints. While numerous techniques are used clinically, each shares the common denominator of applying force to the spine. The most form of spinal manipulation includes a short lever, High Velocity, Low Amplitude (HVLA) thrust. Investigation of HVLA spinal manipulation is the focus of this application. By its very nature spinal manipulation is a mechanical intervention that lasts a fraction of a second (typically <200ms) yet produces effects that outlast the intervention itself. How? This question provides the basis for our study and motivates our long term goal: to understand and improve the effective use of spinal manipulation. We will take advantage of an animal model and approaches developed by the two co-leaders in order to understand the relationship between spatial and temporal characteristics of a spinal manipulation and their effects on neural and biomechanical responses from paraspinal tissues. We will determine whether either the responsiveness of primary afferent signaling from paraspinal muscle spindle and/or the passive biomechanical properties of the manipulated region outlast the manipulation itself. Specifically, we will determine if muscle spindle responsiveness increases and spinal stiffness decreases as a function of 1) the spinal manipulation's duration;2) the presence, magnitude or shape of a preload preceding the manipulation;3) the anatomical contact point used for the spinal manipulation;and 4) the direction with which the manipulation is applied. The information from these complementary studies will help provide information useful for identifying dosing features of the manipulation to which the nervous system and biomechanical properties of paraspinal tissues may be most responsive and in determining strategies for optimizing the delivery of SM. The study is innovative in that it is represents the first systematic study to investigate this relationship and uses the most commonly applied form of spinal manipulation, a high velocity low amplitude spinal manipulation. The study is significant because it contributes to accomplishing NCCAM's strategic plan by characterizing the biomechanics of manipulative procedures in an effort to clarify the mechanisms of action operative in manipulation practices.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Complementary & Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)
Type
Research Program--Cooperative Agreements (U19)
Project #
5U19AT004137-04
Application #
7893108
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAT1-SM (04))
Program Officer
Weber, Wendy J
Project Start
2007-07-01
Project End
2012-09-29
Budget Start
2010-07-01
Budget End
2012-09-29
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$979,876
Indirect Cost
Name
Palmer College of Chiropractic
Department
Type
Other Domestic Higher Education
DUNS #
075845834
City
Davenport
State
IA
Country
United States
Zip Code
52803
Reed, William R; Long, Cynthia R; Kawchuk, Gregory N et al. (2018) Neural Responses to Physical Characteristics of a High-velocity, Low-amplitude Spinal Manipulation: Effect of Thrust Direction. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 43:1-9
Goertz, Christine M; Xia, Ting; Long, Cynthia R et al. (2016) Effects of spinal manipulation on sensorimotor function in low back pain patients--A randomised controlled trial. Man Ther 21:183-90
Reed, William R; Long, Cynthia R; Kawchuk, Gregory N et al. (2015) Neural responses to the mechanical characteristics of high velocity, low amplitude spinal manipulation: Effect of specific contact site. Man Ther 20:797-804
Edgecombe, Tiffany L; Kawchuk, Greg N; Long, Cynthia R et al. (2015) The effect of application site of spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) on spinal stiffness. Spine J 15:1332-8
Reed, William R; Long, Cynthia R; Kawchuk, Gregory N et al. (2014) Neural responses to the mechanical parameters of a high-velocity, low-amplitude spinal manipulation: effect of preload parameters. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 37:68-78
Vining, Robert D; Salsbury, Stacie A; Pohlman, Katherine A (2014) Eligibility determination for clinical trials: development of a case review process at a chiropractic research center. Trials 15:406
Vining, Robert D; Potocki, Eric; McLean, Ian et al. (2014) Prevalence of radiographic findings in individuals with chronic low back pain screened for a randomized controlled trial: secondary analysis and clinical implications. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 37:678-87
Reed, William R; Cao, Dong-Yuan; Ge, Weiqing et al. (2013) Using vertebral movement and intact paraspinal muscles to determine the distribution of intrafusal fiber innervation of muscle spindle afferents in the anesthetized cat. Exp Brain Res 225:205-15
Vining, Robert; Potocki, Eric; Seidman, Michael et al. (2013) An evidence-based diagnostic classification system for low back pain. J Can Chiropr Assoc 57:189-204
Reed, William R; Cao, Dong-Yuan; Long, Cynthia R et al. (2013) Relationship between Biomechanical Characteristics of Spinal Manipulation and Neural Responses in an Animal Model: Effect of Linear Control of Thrust Displacement versus Force, Thrust Amplitude, Thrust Duration, and Thrust Rate. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013:492039

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