of work: To understand the precursors of adult personality development, longitudinal, cross-sectional, and cross-cultural analyses were conducted on adolescents aged 12 to 18. Participants completed the adult version of a measure of the Five-Factor Model, which has recently been shown to be valid when used in this age group. In a sample of gifted students retested after four years, the only consistent change was an increase in Openness to Experience. This finding was replicated in cross-sectional analyses of responses from unselected adolescents in the US and Belgium. Although individuals change in the levels of personality traits in this portion of the lifespan, there are few consistent developmental trends. Major changes occur during the period from 18 to 30. In the U.S., Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness decrease between late adolescence and adulthood, whereas Agreeableness and Conscientiousness increase. Those findings were replicated cross-culturally in a sample of 36 cultures from five continents. Such pan-cultural trends suggest that personality change is an intrinsic aspect of the aging process. Both cross-cultural and longitudinal studies on personality, stress, and coping will continue.
| Terracciano, Antonio; McCrae, Robert R (2007) Perceptions of Americans and the Iraq Invasion: Implications for Understanding National Character Stereotypes. J Cross Cult Psychol 38:695-710 |
| Terracciano, Antonio; McCrae, Robert R; Costa Jr, Paul T (2006) Longitudinal trajectories in Guilford-Zimmerman temperament survey data: results from the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 61:P108-16 |
| Terracciano, Antonio; Costa Jr, Paul T; McCrae, Robert R (2006) Personality plasticity after age 30. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 32:999-1009 |
| Costa Jr, Paul T; McCrae, Robert R (2006) Age changes in personality and their origins: comment on Roberts, Walton, and Viechtbauer (2006). Psychol Bull 132:26-8 |
| McCrae, Robert R; Terracciano, Antonio; Personality Profiles of Cultures Project (2005) Universal features of personality traits from the observer's perspective: data from 50 cultures. J Pers Soc Psychol 88:547-61 |
| Terracciano, Antonio; McCrae, Robert R; Brant, Larry J et al. (2005) Hierarchical linear modeling analyses of the NEO-PI-R scales in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Psychol Aging 20:493-506 |
| McCrae, Robert R; Terracciano, Antonio (2005) Personality profiles of cultures: aggregate personality traits. J Pers Soc Psychol 89:407-25 |
| Costa Jr, Paul T; Bagby, R Michael; Herbst, Jeffrey H et al. (2005) Personality self-reports are concurrently reliable and valid during acute depressive episodes. J Affect Disord 89:45-55 |
| Terracciano, A; Abdel-Khalek, A M; Adam, N et al. (2005) National character does not reflect mean personality trait levels in 49 cultures. Science 310:96-100 |
| Weiss, Alexander; Costa Jr, Paul T; Karuza, Jurgis et al. (2005) Cross-sectional age differences in personality among medicare patients aged 65 to 100. Psychol Aging 20:182-5 |
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