Collections of thunderstorms known as mesoscale convective systems (MCS) are of scientific interest for a variety of reasons. MCSs are a major source of rainfall and severe weather (including lightening). In addition, they are believed to be important to the vertical redistribution of atmospheric heating which is important to global dynamics. Using numerical models and observational data from already completed field programs, the Principal Investigator will continue his research on MCSs. This includes the general dynamical/microphysical MCS structures, the relationship between MCS structures and lightening and the nature of the convective and mesoscale motions which impact the heat budget of these systems and the local environment.