This project will further explore the plasma emission phenomenon. Central to many radio emission phenomena within the heliosphere and beyond, the study will benefit many other related processes, including type II and type III bursts from the sun and interplanetary space, radiation at the Earth's bow shock, and the radio emission from the boundary region between our heliosphere and the surrounding interstellar medium. Topics related to the PI's theory that will also be studied are: (1) effects of ambient magnetic field on the polarization of the radiation; (2) propagation and scattering of the radiation in interplanetary space; (3) quantitative modeling of the nonlinear mode conversion process of electrostatic to transverse wave; (4) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation of the nonlinear beam instability; (5) self-consistent modeling of the nonlinear mode conversion process; (6) formulation and solution of nonlinear wave-particle kinetic equation; (7) simulation of electron energization at the collisionless shock; and (8) radiation by the energized electrons at the collisionless shock.
