This Research Planning Grant is part of the Research Opportunities for Women program. The investigator, a cultural anthropologist from Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, will conduct pilot research on demographic processes in the Greek Island of Chios. The basic problem is to understand variations in population growth, as most areas of the developed world have dropped from high to low growth. This island represents a good natural laboratory for this research because there are several immigrant groups with different social and economic histories. Methods will include analysis of birth and death records and in- depth interviews with household members on their family plans as well as surveys of economic and agricultural activities. The purpose of the grant is to help young female investigators establish their research projects so that they can write competitive major research grants.