This project in the area of analytical and surface chemistry involves the study of interfacial protein electrochemistry. It is a renewal grant which will extend Professor Bowden's research program into the area of fundamental investigations of electron transfer mechanisms on gold electrodes coated with organothiolate self-assembled monolayer films. The goal is to further our understanding of long-range electron transfer processes in biological systems. The adsorbed proteins proposed for study will serve as the electrochemical analogs of protein/protein compexes. Thus, the experimental results will help to elucidate electronic coupling mechanisms between enzymes and electronically conducting materials. %%% Professor Bowden and his students will use both electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques to study biological electron transfer processes with electrodes coated with a thin film of organic material. The objective of the research is to model protein/protein interactions in biological systems. The results will be of value for the design of new biological probes and sensors.