This proposal is aimed at the development of adaptive Kalman filtering based techniques for the protection of large-scale power systems. Basic concepts for discriminating between the different types of disturbances that can occur will be addressed. Emphasis will be given to techniques for protection of two-terminal, multi-terminal, series compensated transmission lines, transformers, and load shedding schemes. Implementation of the algorithms on vector processing VLSI chips will be examined. The techniques to be developed will form a basis for on-line detection and classification of disturbances and serve as an essential stage in the evolution of system-wide protection and control of large interconnected power systems.