This project titled "Japanese Direct Investments in U.S. Manufacturing Industries: Risk Perception, Financing Sources and Trade Impact" is a planning grant. Its purpose is to further develop the research capability of the principal investigator, Dr. Adora de los Santos. She will derive insights into the effectiveness of a questionnaire which is her survey instrument. The project consists of visits and interviews with six large Japanese companies in the automotive, computer and consumer electronics sectors and a questionnaire survey and analysis of responses from 30 such companies.