This is a three-year research project proposed by Dr. Richard Suttmeier and Dr. Cong Cao, University of Oregon, to assess the U.S.-China relations in science and technology and the challenges ahead. This study will focus on (1) changes in Chinese science and technology policies, ongoing reforms in the national innovation system, and statistical indicators of levels of performance, and 2) the role of government programs in the U.S.-China S&T relationship; the role of the corporate sector in S&T cooperation; and patterns of academic cooperation. The U.S.-China relationship of collaboration and competition in science and technology is significant and fundamental given the increasing globalization in production and R&D, as well as China's emergence as a world power. The impacts of this study can be broad and extensive both academically and politically.