This award supports cooperative research between Brian Glenister, University of Iowa, and Zhou Zuren, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, on the Permian period, a time of profound physical and biotic change. Biostratigraphy is a fundamental base for much of the basic and applied work in geology, and this proposal promises to contribute to establishing a Permian global stratotype. Through ongoing investigation of the Permian systems and its ammonoids, valuable collections available in China and the US can be documented and correlated under this collaboration.