This project is for participation by U.S. scientists in an International Symposium/Workshop on Frontiers of Molecular Biological Research to be held in Lahore, Pakistan in September 1991. The Pakistani organizer is Dr. S. Riazuddin, Director of the Center for Advanced Molecular Biology (CAMB) at the University of Panjab, Lahore. Areas to be covered will include: repair enzymes, restriction enzymes, replication enzymes, plant microbe interaction, transgenic plant technology, and insecticidal proteins and other biological controls. The meeting will be preceded by a two-week training course for twenty selected young university researchers who intend to pursue research careers in the field. The purpose of the course will be to train researchers on advanced recombinant DNA techniques, on other methodologies and concepts that will form the basis for discussions in the Symposium/Workshop. Proceedings of papers presented and discussions will be printed and made available to the scientific communities in the two countries. Scope: The field of molecular biology is becoming increasingly important in dealing with developing countries' problems such as production of food, medicines, and improving fuel sources and use. U.S. and Pakistani scientists from the laboratories of Drs. Grossman and Riazuddin have been collaborating in joint research projects for over a decade. This meeting allows this relationship to be expanded to include a larger number of Pakistani scientists and to help guide future local as well as joint research.