Development of a novel optical imaging system for studies of the nervous system is proposed. The concept is based on the use of acousto-optic tunable filters as spectral selection elements in a confocal fluorescence microscope. In conjunction with the use of multiply labeled specimens the proposed instrument will permit investigation of neurochemistry-specific three-dimensional architecture of nervous tissue. The rapid bandpass switching time of the acousto-optic devices will permit dynamic studies to be performed on a time scale commensurate with the electrical signaling of neurons.