This grant will support five young United States scientists who will participate in the 29th International Ethological Conference (IEC) hosted by the Hungarian Ethological Society from 20-27 August 2005, in Budapest, Hungary. This biennial conference is open to all those interested in animal behavior and its related disciplines. For over 50 years, the conference has been held in alternate years and is the primary international gathering of scientists focusing on both evolutionary and mechanistic aspects of behavior. The meeting rings together scientists from over 40 countries from such diverse disciplines as ethology, comparative psychology, ecology, evolution, conservation, psychobiology, anthropology, neurobiology, endocrinology, parasitology, primatology, animal welfare, veterinary medicine and human evolution. Attendance and participation (oral paper or poster presentations) in the meeting offer an unparalleled opportunity for American research findings with an international audience