9318099 Howard Long-term studies of natural populations, especially when combined with experimental data, produce essential information relevant to many theoretical and applied biological issues. For example, the significance of year-to- year variations in population levels cannot be evaluated properly without a database extending over considerable time intervals. Dr. Howard will conduct several types of research. He will continue long-term demographic data collection. He will also study the mechanisms animals use to choose their mates and the effects of these choices on the biological success of both males and females. The results will be important for theoretical understanding of the mechanisms and evolution of mating behavior. In addition, the resulting basic information on natural breeding behavior will help improve management programs, including captive breeding and the reintroduction of captive-bred animals to their natural habitats.
