This project continues work on the relationship between academic research and its payoff in industrial innovation utilizing a unique data base from previous research. Having estimated the high public return rates in seven industries from the total investment in academic research, this project will gather data and information on: (1) the sources of financial support for academic research that has contributed significantly to industrial innovation; (2) the role of geographic proximity of the academic researchers and industrial users; (3) the relationship of high payoff academic research to departmental quality ratings; (4) the time frame of social benefits and costs from industrial innovation based on academic research; and (5) begin preliminary work on the economic effects of the industry cooperative research centers.