"Applied social science" have been too little studied in the history of science. To study it requires full understanding not only of the science, but of the culture in which it is applied. In perhaps no other area is the mutual interaction of science and society clearer than in the applied social sciences. Ms. Lynette Schumaker, under the direction of Dr. Kuklick, is exploring the growth of such an "applied" area, developmental anthropology, in Zambia in the late colonial and early postcolonial periods, 1945- 75. She is aiming to show how the development science movement took material shape in the technology, work organization, and field practices of a path-breaking school of anthropology--the "Manchester School," famous for its theoretical advances. Her study follows development anthropology through three important stages in its evolution. The first part of the study considers the models and precedents available to anthropology in the Central African environment, and shows how anthropologists negotiated a place for their research in the colonial governments's aggressive new post-war development strategy. The second part focuses on changes in field practices and technology created by the challenges of urban research, and shows how the relationship between anthropologists, their assistants, and the subjects of research was transformed by the rise of African nationalism. The third part discusses the work culture of anthropology and its influence on the work culture of the international development organizations. It also appraises anthropology as a colonial science and the role it played in conceptualizing Africa and Africans for the other sciences.
