Approximately 1 in 5 annual US deaths are attributed to cigarette smoking, the largest portion being cardiovascular (CV) -related. However, smoking cessation is difficult due to the addictive nature of nicotine so interventions reducing smoking-induced CV risks while smokers attempt to stop smoking are crucial. Emerging evidence indicates that smoking may exert its CV effects by decreasing arterial compliance (AC). Because data suggest regular exercise improves AC, the general hypotheses of the proposed project are that 1) endurance-trained smokers do not demonstrate a decrease in AC observed in sedentary smokers and 2) these favorable adaptations are mediated partly by a decrease in sympathetic-adrenergic tone. 88 otherwise healthy sedentary and endurance-trained smokers and non-smokers will undergo static and dynamic carotid AC, muscle sympathetic nerve activity, vasoactive hormone plasma concentrations, vascular endothelium-dependent vasodilation, and arterial stiffness measures. The expected results should provide new and clinically useful information concerning the use of regular exercise for the primary prevention/treatment of smoking-induced arterial stiffening as well as insight into its mechanisms.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Predoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (F31)
Project #
5F31DA018431-03
Application #
7237333
Study Section
Human Development Research Subcommittee (NIDA)
Program Officer
Biswas, Jamie
Project Start
2005-05-24
Project End
2008-05-23
Budget Start
2006-05-24
Budget End
2007-05-23
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2006
Total Cost
$48,265
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Austin
Department
Type
DUNS #
170230239
City
Austin
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
78712
Devan, Allison E; Umpierre, Daniel; Harrison, Michelle L et al. (2011) Endothelial ischemia-reperfusion injury in humans: association with age and habitual exercise. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 300:H813-9
Gonzales, Mitzi M; Tarumi, Takashi; Eagan, Danielle E et al. (2011) Current serum lipoprotein levels and FMRI response to working memory in midlife. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 31:259-67
DeVan, Allison E; Umpierre, Daniel; Lin, Hsin-Fu et al. (2011) Habitual resistance exercise and endothelial ischemia-reperfusion injury in young adults. Atherosclerosis 219:191-3
Haley, Andreana P; Gonzales, Mitzi M; Tarumi, Takashi et al. (2010) Elevated cerebral glutamate and myo-inositol levels in cognitively normal middle-aged adults with metabolic syndrome. Metab Brain Dis 25:397-405
Gonzales, Mitzi M; Tarumi, Takashi; Miles, Steven C et al. (2010) Insulin sensitivity as a mediator of the relationship between BMI and working memory-related brain activation. Obesity (Silver Spring) 18:2131-7
Dhindsa, Mandeep; Sommerlad, Shawn M; DeVan, Allison E et al. (2008) Interrelationships among noninvasive measures of postischemic macro- and microvascular reactivity. J Appl Physiol 105:427-32
Cortez-Cooper, Miriam Y; Anton, Maria M; Devan, Allison E et al. (2008) The effects of strength training on central arterial compliance in middle-aged and older adults. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 15:149-55
Anton, Maria M; Cortez-Cooper, Miriam Y; DeVan, Allison E et al. (2006) Resistance training increases basal limb blood flow and vascular conductance in aging humans. J Appl Physiol 101:1351-5
Cook, Jill N; DeVan, Allison E; Schleifer, Jessica L et al. (2006) Arterial compliance of rowers: implications for combined aerobic and strength training on arterial elasticity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 290:H1596-600