The trachea is a geometrically simple organ that facilitates airflow between the larynx and the lungs. Its failure is lethal. Small defects may be resolved by removing the diseased tissue, but critical length defects require a tissue graft. In adult patients, a synthetic graft material provides sufficient function, but in pediatric patients, multiple surgeries are needed to replace grafts that become too small for their growing bodies. To address this, we plan to create 3D printed tracheal grafts from the extracellular matrix (ECM) of decellularized tissue with the potential to grow with the patient.
Specific aim 1 is to synthesize and optimize a 3D printed, pro-cartilage hydrogel by modifying amine groups in decellularized ECM with methacrylate. The hydrogel will provide a matrix for mesenchymal stem cell-derived chondrocytes to mature and remodel, strengthening the 3D printed tissue to match the mechanical properties of native cartilage.
Specific aim 2 is to synthesize and optimize a 3D printed, fibro-elastic hydrogel derived from tracheal fascia using similar methods. This hydrogel will mimic the matrix of the fascia that allows longitudinal flexibility. This hydrogel will be seeded with fibroblasts, and characterized by its tensile mechanics.
Specific aim 3 is to combine the optimized hydrogels from aim 1 and aim 2 into a multi-tissue trachea construct supported by a customized bioreactor. Alternating between these bio-inks, we will construct a trachea-like, cylindrical, structure that will allow flexibility in the axial direction while resisting deformation in the radial direction. This construct will be cultured in a customized bioreactor, providing convective transport of oxygen and nutrients through the wall of the construct. The efficacy of the bioreactor will be evaluated by examining pH levels, oxygen concentration, and sterility. The tissue engineered tracheal construct will be compared to normal tracheal tissue through mechanical testing and histology. Eventually this research will lead to clinically relevant treatments for critical length tracheal defects, greatly improving the lives of patients. Furthermore, the development of 3D printed tracheae from tissue specific ECM will greatly advance the field of pulmonary tissue engineering and help progress towards the production of more complex organs for transplant.

Public Health Relevance

Most critical length tracheal defects require surgical intervention using an implant. Generally, these implants are composed of stiff synthetic materials, therefore pediatric patients require multiple surgeries to replace their implants while they grow. This research strives to develop 3D printed tracheal grafts capable of growing with the patient. The progress made with this research will help improve the lives of patients with large scale tracheal defects and contribute to the understanding of the field of tissue bioengineering.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Predoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (F31)
Project #
5F31HL142313-03
Application #
9971563
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Lu, Qing
Project Start
2018-06-01
Project End
2021-05-31
Budget Start
2020-06-01
Budget End
2021-05-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2020
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
555917996
City
Minneapolis
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55455