The sensation of pain is subjective and unique to each individual because the experience of pain depends on both the input of noxious information (nociception) and the state of the body - an interaction between pain transmission and pain modulation. The transmission of nociceptive information through the spinal cord dorsal horn is subject to bidirectional control by brainstem pain-modulation systems. The output of the best-studied modulatory system is through the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), which exerts bidirectional modulatory effects mediated by two sets of physiologically identified neurons: the """"""""ON-cells"""""""" and the """"""""OFF-cells."""""""" The RVM ON- and OFF-cells respectively facilitate or inhibit the passage of noxious information from the periphery through the dorsal horn. However, the pathway through which noxious inputs gain access to the RVM is unknown. My hypothesis is that the spinoparabrachial pathway, the major ascending output from superficial laminae of the dorsal horn, is the primary source of noxious inputs to the RVM ON- and OFF-cells. This hypothesis will be tested through completion of two Specific Aims. First, noxious inputs to RVM neurons will be studied using in-vivo single cell recordings and pharmacological inactivation of the parabrachial complex (Aim 1a). Employing retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical techniques, the anatomical connection between the parabrachial (PB) nociceptive neurons and the RVM neurons will be established (Aim 1b). Finally, the functional role of direct PB-to-RVM circuit will be explored through the use of optogenetic methods (Aim 2). There is growing evidence that failure or abnormality in pain modulating systems is an important factor in many chronic pain states. However, we do not yet know how nociceptive information reaches pain-modulating neurons in the brainstem. The proposed studies will address this gap in our knowledge, delineating the pathways through which pain transmission systems link to pain modulation systems. This information is critical if we are to develop better approaches to treating chronic pain.

Public Health Relevance

Research in the past few decades has increasingly implicated brain pain-modulation as a central neurological function that contributes greatly to development of clinically significant pain conditions. Here the goal is to elucidate how pain-transmission systems gain access to pain-modulation systems. Understanding the drivers of the pain-modulating neurons could help provide us with novel targets for therapies that treat the underlying brain dysfunction, instead of the symptoms.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Predoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (F31)
Project #
1F31NS087634-01
Application #
8709283
Study Section
Neurological Sciences Training Initial Review Group (NST)
Program Officer
Oshinsky, Michael L
Project Start
2014-04-01
Project End
2018-03-31
Budget Start
2014-04-01
Budget End
2015-03-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Oregon Health and Science University
Department
Neurosurgery
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Portland
State
OR
Country
United States
Zip Code
97239