Daytime neurocognitive performance is impaired in adolescents and school-age children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Furthermore, animal models of SDB clearly demonstrate that episodic hypoxia during sleep leads to both short-term and long-term decrements in learning and memory, and that these are mediated, at least in part, by oxidant stress. However, the prevalence and neurobehavioral consequences of SDB during the first 2 years of life are unknown. To address this issue, we will examine the hypothesis that infants who develop SDB within their first 7 months will manifest reduced cognitive development by the end of their first year. Furthermore, infants with SDB will show increased oxidant markers in their urine. The following specific aims will therefore be examined: (1) a population survey for the potential presence of SDB will be conducted among 6 month-old infants; (2) Home-based polysomnography will be performed at 7 and 13 months in infants at high risk for SDB and matched controls; and an index of mental development will be administered; (3) The levels of 15-F2t-lsoprostane metabolites in urine will be determined, as correlates for oxidant stress. This longitudinal, prospective study will contribute to our understanding of the prevalence, and neurodevelopmental consequences of SDB in infancy. In addition, it may provide insights into a potential mechanism for this morbidity.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Postdoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (F32)
Project #
1F32HL074591-01
Application #
6691385
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-F10 (20))
Program Officer
Rothgeb, Ann E
Project Start
2003-08-19
Project End
2006-08-18
Budget Start
2003-08-19
Budget End
2004-08-18
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$46,420
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Louisville
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
057588857
City
Louisville
State
KY
Country
United States
Zip Code
40292
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Montgomery-Downs, Hawley Evelyn; Crabtree, Valerie McLaughlin; Sans Capdevila, Oscar et al. (2007) Infant-feeding methods and childhood sleep-disordered breathing. Pediatrics 120:1030-5
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Montgomery-Downs, Hawley E; O'Brien, Louise M; Gulliver, Tanya E et al. (2006) Polysomnographic characteristics in normal preschool and early school-aged children. Pediatrics 117:741-53
Montgomery-Downs, Hawley E; Gozal, David (2006) Snore-associated sleep fragmentation in infancy: mental development effects and contribution of secondhand cigarette smoke exposure. Pediatrics 117:e496-502
Montgomery-Downs, Hawley E; Gozal, David (2006) Toddler behavior following polysomnography: effects of unintended sleep disturbance. Sleep 29:1282-7
Montgomery-Downs, Hawley E; Krishna, Jyoti; Roberts 2nd, L Jackson et al. (2006) Urinary F2-isoprostane metabolite levels in children with sleep-disordered breathing. Sleep Breath 10:211-5
Montgomery-Downs, Hawley E; Gozal, David (2006) Sleep habits and risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in infants and young toddlers in Louisville, Kentucky. Sleep Med 7:211-9
Montgomery-Downs, H E; Crabtree, V M; Gozal, D (2005) Cognition, sleep and respiration in at-risk children treated for obstructive sleep apnoea. Eur Respir J 25:336-42
Montgomery-Downs, Hawley E; Crabtree, Valerie M; Gozal, David (2005) Actigraphic recordings in quantification of periodic leg movements during sleep in children. Sleep Med 6:325-32